HomeMy WebLinkAbout10-22-1997 Communication8-8-1
CHAPTERS
POLICE CITIZENS' REVIEW BOARD
SECTION:
8-8- 1: Creation Of A Police Citizens'
Review Board
8-8- 2:
Intent, Goals And Guiding
Principles
8-8- 3:
Definition Of Complaint;
Complaint Process In General
8-8- 4:
Formal Mediation
8-8- 5:
Police Department And Police
Chief Investigatory Duties; City
Manager Investigatory Duties
8-8- 6:
Police Chief's Report To The
Board; City Manager's Report
To The Board
8-8- 7:
Duties Of The Board; Complaint
Review And General Duties
8-8- 8:
Board Composition; Limited
Powers Of The Board
8-8- 9:
Police Officer's And
Complainant's Rights
Preserved
8-8-10:
Sunset Clause
8-8-1: CREATION OF A POLICE
CITIZENS' REVIEW BOARD:
As permitted under Iowa's home rule au-
thority, the City hereby creates a Police
Citizens' Review Board, to be hereafter
referred to as the "Board", subject to the
duties and limited powers set forth herein.
(Ord. 97-3792, 7-15-1997)
8-8-2: INTENT, GOALS AND GUID-
ING PRINCIPLES:
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A. Investigations into claims of inappro-
priate conduct by sworn police officers
will be conducted in a manner which
is fair, thorough, and accurate.
B. An annual reporting system regarding
complaints against sworn police offi-
cers will be established to give the
City Council sufficient information to
assess the overall performance of the
Iowa City Police Department in these
matters.
C. The Board will:
1.Oversee a monitoring system for
tracking receipt of complaints lodged
against sworn police officers;
2. Provide oversight of police investi-
gations through review of such investi-
gations;
3. Provide the opportunity for a hear-
ing to the police officer if the Board's
findings on the complaint are critical
of the police officer, as required by
constitutional law, and give both the
police officer and the complainant the
opportunity to present testimony and
evidence;
4. Issue a final public report on each
complaint to the City Council which
sets forth factual findings and a writ-
ten conclusion which explains why
and the extent to which the complaint
is either "sustained" or "not sus-
tained".
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D. The Board shall have no authority
over police disciplinary matters be-
cause only the Police Chief or City
Manager may impose discipline under I.
Iowa law.
E. No findings in the Board's report shall
be used in any other legal proceeding.
F. The' Board shall only review the con-
duct of sworn police officers and shall
only act in a civil, not criminal, capaci-
ty. The Board is not intended to be a
court of law, a tort claim process or
other litigation process. No action of
the Board shall be deemed to diminish
or limit the right of any person to file a
claim or a lawsuit against the City.
G. A complaint may be filed by any per-
son with personal knowledge of an
incident. "Personal knowledge' means
the complainant was directly involved
in the incident or witnessed the inci-
dent. If the person with personal
knowledge is underage or otherwise
unable to complete a complaint form,
the complaint may be filed by such
person's designated representative.
The City Manager, the Police Chief,
the City Council, or the Board may file
a complaint based upon a reasonable
belief that police misconduct has oc-
curred regardless of personal knowl-
edge.
H. In order to assure that people feel
confident in the complaint process,
nonpolice City staff shall be available
at a public location other than the
Police Department to receive com-
plaints, although complaints may also
be filed at the Police Department.
Formal mediation shall be available to
the complainant(s) and the police
officer(s) at any time during the pro- t
cess.
The Board shall not interfere with or
diminish the legal rights of sworn
police officers, including those rights
protected under the union contract,
Civil Service Commission, and State
and Federal law. Similarly, the Board
shall respect the rights of privacy and
freedom from defamation shared by
complainants and witnesses, as well
as those same rights enjoyed by po-
lice officers under the law.
J. The City Council finds that internal
accountability within the Police De-
partment is a valid legislative purpose,
and one method of accomplishing
such internal accountability is to have
the police do their own investigations
into claims of inappropriate police
conduct. If a complaint is asserted
against the Police Chief, the City
Manager will investigate the claim and
report to the Board and the City Coun-
cil.
K. Investigation of all formal complaints
is a mandatory duty of the Police
Chief, and a report of each complaint
investigation shall be given to the
Board. Such reports to the Board shall
include the factual findings of the
Police Chief as well as a written con-
clusion explaining why and the extent
to which a complaint is either "sus-
tained" or "not sustained". However,
such reports shall not include disci-
pline or other personnel matters. If the
Police Chief and the City Manager find
the police officer's actions constitute
misconduct and discipline is imposed
by the Police Chief or City Manager,
the internal affairs investigation may
become a public record to be released
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by the City Attorney to the extent
provided by law.
L. In order to assure external account-
ability of the actions of the Police
Department, all formal complaint in-
vestigations shall be reviewed by the
Board and reported to the City Coun-
cil.
M. External accountability will further be
provided by the Board's maintenance
of a central registry of all formal com-
plaints. In addition to the central regis-
try, the Board shall provide an annual
report to the City Council, which report
shall be public and shall set forth the
general types and numbers of com-
plaints, how they were resolved, de-
mographic information, and recom-
mendations as to how the Police De-
partment may improve its community
relations or be more responsive to
community needs.
N. The Board shall have oversight au-
thority to review police practices,
procedures, and written policies as
those practices and procedures relate
to the Police Department's perfor-
mance as a whole, and shall report
same to the City Council, including
any recommended changes. (Ord.
97-3792, 7-15-1997)
8-8-3: DEFINITION OF COMPLAINT;
COMPLAINT PROCESS IN
GENERAL:
A. A "complaint" is an allegation of mis-
conduct lodged against a sworn police
officer ("police officer" or 'officer")
employed by the Iowa City Police
Department, where the complained -of
activity occurred while the officer was
acting in the capacity of a sworn po-
lice officer.
B. Any person with personal knowledge
of the alleged police misconduct may
file a complaint with the Board or with
the Iowa City Police Department. In
order to have 'personal knowledge",
the complainant must have been di-
rectly involved in the incident or wit-
nessed the incident. If the person with
personal knowledge is underage or
otherwise unable to complete a com-
plaint form, the complaint may be filed
by such person's designated repre-
sentative. The City Manager, the Po-
lice Chief, the City Council or the
Board itself may file a complaint
based on a reasonable belief that
police misconduct has occurred re-
gardless of personal knowledge. The
person or official filing the complaint
may hereafter be referred to as the
"complainant".
C. All complaints filed with the Board or
the Iowa City Police Department shall
be in writing and on forms provided by
the Board. Complaint forms shall be
available to the public in easily acces-
sible locations, and nonpolice staff
shall be available to receive the com-
plaint forms. Assistance may be avail-
able to complete the form as designat-
ed by the Board.
D. All complaints must be filed with either
the Board or the Iowa City Police
Department within sixty (60) days of
the alleged misconduct.
E. Only those complaints which do not
involve the conduct of an Iowa City
sworn police officer or are not filed
within sixty (60) days of the alleged
misconduct may be subject to summa-
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8-8-3
ry dismissal by the Board. (Ord
97-3792,7-15-1997)
8-8-4: FORMAL MEDIATION:
A. Formal mediation shall be the respon-
sibility of the Board, and shall be
available to the complainant(s) and
police officer(s) at any stage of the
process upon consent of all involved
parties and as provided by the Board.
Upon the filing of a complaint, all
complainants shall be informed that
formal mediation is available. A com-
plainant may also meet informally with
the police officer and the watch com-
mander of the police officer if the
complainant wishes to do so.
B. If a complaint is successfully mediat-
ed, the terms of the mediation agree-
ment shall be set forth in writing, and
shall be kept confidential to the extent
allowed by law; but the status of set-
tlement shall be maintained in the
Board's central registry for reporting in
the Board's annual report. There shall
be no retaliation against police offi-
cers who choose not to mediate. (Ord.
97-3792, 7-15-1997)
8-8-5: POLICE DEPARTMENT AND
POLICE CHIEF INVESTIGATO-
RY DUTIES; CITY MANAGER INVESTI-
GATORY DUTIES:
A. Complaints: The Police Department
shall forward copies of all complaints
received to the Board. If the complaint
concerns the Police Chief, a copy of
the complaint shall also be forwarded
to the City Manager.
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B. Investigation: It shall be the mandato-
ry duty of the Police Chief to do the
following:
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1. Prior to investigation of any com-
plaint, the Police Chief shall first give
Garrity and Gardner advice to all po-
lice officers implicated in the com-
plaint, as required by constitutional
law. This means the officer cannot be
required to waive the officer's consti-
tutional right against self-incrimination.
However, the officer may be required
to answer questions during the inves-
tigation as a condition of the officer's
employment, but any admissions
made by the officer cannot be used
against the officer in a criminal pro-
ceeding.
2. Notify the complainant and the
police officer who is the subject of the
complaint that formal mediation is
available at any time during the Police
Department's investigation and the
Board's review. The Police Chief may
also notify the complainant that the
complainant may meet informally with
the police officer and the watch com-
mander of the police officer if the
complainant wishes to do so.
3. Assign the complaint to designated
investigators within the Police Depart-
ment for investigation into the factual
allegations of the complaint.
4. The complainant shall be inter-
viewed by the Police Department and
shall be entitled to have a neutral City
staff person or some other person
chosen by the complainant present
during the interview. The police officer
is entitled to have a union steward
present during any interviews.
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5. Investigators will prepare and for-
ward a report of their investigation to
the Police Chief, and shall make de-
tailed findings of fact as to the allega-
tions in the complaint, and shall also
set forth a written conclusion which
explains why and the extent to which
the complaint is either "sustained" or
"not sustained".
C. Legal Advice: If litigation, including
criminal charges, relating to the matter
of the complaint is commenced or is
being contemplated by or against any
party to the complaint, the Police
Department, the Police Chief and/or
the Board shall consult with the City
Attorney and/or the Board's own attor-
ney on a case -by -case basis, to deter-
mine whether and how the investiga-
tion of the complaint should proceed.
D. Complaints Against Police Chief: If a
complaint is filed concerning the Po-
lice Chief's conduct, the City Manager
shall investigate or cause an investi-
gation to be completed.
E. Disciplinary Action: Nothing in this
Chapter shall prevent the Police Chief
or the City Manager from taking disci-
plinary action prior to the Board's
review of the complaint. (Ord.
97-3792, 7-15-1997)
8-8-6: POLICE CHIEF'S REPORT TO
THE BOARD; CITY MAN-
AGER'S REPORT TO THE BOARD:
A. The Police Chief shall receive the
designated investigators' report within
the time frame indicated by the Police
Chief. The Police Chief shall conduct
a review of the investigators' report,
and may do any or all of the following:
conduct interviews or request the
police investigators to conduct addi-
tional investigations; request addition-
al information, or that additional ques-
tions be asked; interview or direct that
other persons or witnesses be inter-
viewed; request that other documents
be reviewed and/or retrieved; and any
other investigative matters the Police
Chief deems appropriate.
B. The Police Chief will consult with the
City Personnel Administrator and the
City Attorney prior to finalizing the
Police Chief's report to the Board, and
shall then forward this report to the
Board, which shall include the follow-
ing:
1. Detailed written findings of fact
concerning the allegations in the com-
plaint;
2. A written conclusion which explains
why and the extent to which the com-
plaint is either "sustained" or "not
sustained"; and
3. Recommended remedial actions, if
any, including amending current poli-
cies or adopting new policies.
C. The Police Chief's report to the Board
shall not include discipline or person-
nel matters.
D. A copy of the Police Chief's report to
the Board shall be given to the police
officer, the complainant, and the City
Manager. If the complaint concerns
the Police Chief, copies of the City
Manager's report to the Board shall be
given to the Police Chief, the com-
plainant, and the City Council.
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8-8-6 8-8-7
E. The Police Chief's report to the Board a. On the record with no additional
shall be completed within thirty (30) investigation;
calendar days after complaint is filed.
The Board may grant extensions from b. Interview/meet with complainant;
this deadline for good cause shown.
c. Interview/meet with named offi-
F. All investigations shall be performed cer(s) and other officers;
in a manner designed to produce a
minimum of inconvenience and em- d. Request additional investigation
barrassment to all parties -including by the Police Chief or City Manager,
the complainant, the police officer, or request police assistance in the
and other witnesses. Board's own investigation;
G. If a complaint is filed concerning the e. Performance by Board of its own
Police Chief, the City Manager's re- additional investigation;
port shall include the same findings of
fact and conclusions as required for f. Hire independent investigators.
the Police Chief's report to the Board.
(Ord. 97-3792, 7-15-1997) 2. The Board shall apply a "reason-
able basis" standard of review when
reviewing the Police Chief's or City
8-8-7: DUTIES OF THE BOARD; Manager's report. This requires the
COMPLAINT REVIEW AND Board to give deference to the Police
GENERAL DUTIES: Chief's or City Manager's report be-
cause of the Police Chief's and City
A. Complaints: The Board shall forward Manager's respective professional
copies of all complaints received to expertise. The Board may recommend
the Police Chief for investigation; or that the Police Chief or City Manager
where the complaint concerns the reverse or modify their findings only if:
Police Chief, forward a copy of the
complaint to the City Manager for a. The findings are unsupported by
investigation. substantial evidence;
B. Review Of Police Chief's Report Or b. The findings are unreasonable,
City Manager's Report: arbitrary or capricious; or
1. The Board shall review all Police c. The findings are contrary to a
Chief's reports and City Manager's Police Department policy or practice,
reports concerning complaints. The or any Federal, State, or local law.
Board shall decide, on a simple major-
ity vote, the level of review to give When collecting and reviewing addi-
each Police Chief's or City Manager's tional evidence, the Board shall rely
report, and the Board may select any on evidence which reasonably prudent
or all of the following levels of review: persons are accustomed to rely upon
in the conduct of their serious affairs.
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3. At the conclusion of the Board's
review, the Board shall issue a public
report to the City Council concerning
the complaint investigation. Such
public report shall include detailed
findings of fact concerning the com-
plaint, together with a clearly articulat-
ed conclusion which explains why and
the extent to which the complaint is
.'sustained" or "not sustained'. This
public report shall not include the
names of the complainant or the po-
lice officers unless the complaint is
sustained. In addition, this public
report shall not include any discipline
or personnel matters, although the
Board may comment generally as to
whether the Board believes discipline
is appropriate without commenting on
the extent or form of the discipline. A
copy of this public report to the City
Council shall be given to the com-
plainant, the police officer, the Police
Chief and the City Manager.
4. The Board shall not issue a report
which is critical of the sworn police
officer's conduct until after a 'name -
clearing hearing" has been held, con-
sistent with constitutional due process
law. The Board shall give notice of
such hearing to both the police officer
and the complainant so that they may
testify before the Board and present
additional relevant evidence. The
Board shall be responsible for protec-
tion of all State and Federal rights
enjoyed by both the officer and the
complainant. The officer may waive
the right to this hearing upon written
waiver submitted to the Board.
5. If the Board's report is not critical of
the officer's conduct, the Board is not
required by law to offer a hearing to
the officer, but the Board may hold
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hearings as deemed appropriate by
the Board.
6. The Board's report to the City
Council shall be completed within
thirty (30) calendar days of receipt of
the Chief's or City Manager's report.
The City Council may grant requests
for extensions to this deadline upon
good cause shown.
7. Nothing in this Chapter shall in any
way impede or interfere with the Po-
lice Chief's and the City Manager's
lawful ability to perform their person-
nel supervisory duties over sworn
police officers, including the ability to
impose discipline as deemed appropri-
ate by the Police Chief or City Manag-
er.
8. No findings or report submitted to
the Board or prepared by the Board
shall be used in any other proceed-
ings.
C. General Powers And Duties: The
Board shall also carry out the follow-
ing duties:
Iowa City
1. Maintain a central registry of com-
plaints.
2. Collect data and do an annual re-
port to the City Council which shall be
public and shall set forth the general
types and numbers of complaints,
disposition of the complaints, the
discipline which was imposed, if any,
and demographic information. This
annual report shall not include the
names of the complainants or officers
involved in complaints which were not
sustained, and shall otherwise be in a
form which protects the confidentiality
of the parties while providing the pub-
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8-8-7
lic with information on the overall
performance of the Police Depart-
ment. The Board's annual report may
also include recommended changes in
police practices, policies or proce-
dures.
3. In addition to the annual report, the
Board shall, from time to time, report
to the City Council on police practices,
procedures and policies, including
recommended changes, if appropriate.
4. The Board shall adopt procedural
rules and bylaws governing the
Board's activities, including the receipt
and processing of complaints, and
such procedural rules and bylaws
shall be approved by the City Council.
(Ord. 97-3792, 7-15-1997)
8-8-8: BOARD COMPOSITION; LIM-
ITED POWERS OF THE
BOARD:
A. Board Composition:
1. The Board shall consist of five (5)
members appointed by the City Coun-
cil, who shall be Iowa City eligible
electors and shall serve without com-
pensation. The City Council shall
strive to appoint members who repre-
sent the diversity of the community.
Appointments to the Board shall in-
clude one current or former 'peace
officer" as that term is defined by
State law. The City Council reserves
the right to waive the residency re-
quirement for good cause shown. The
City Council also reserves the right,
for good cause shown, to waive the
requirement that the Board include
one current or former peace officer.
2. Following final adoption and publi-
cation of this Ordinance, the City
Council shall appoint members to the
Board for staggered terms. All ap-
pointments shall be for a four (4) year
term, except for the initial appoint-
ments which shall be as follows:
a. One person appointed for a two
(2) year term
b. Two (2) persons appointed for a
three (3) year term
c. Two (2) persons appointed for a
four (4) year term.
3. Training shall be available to all
Board members to enable them to
perform the duties imposed herein,
including training on Iowa's public
records and open meetings laws.
B. Limited Powers: The Board shall have
the following limited powers:
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1.On its own motion, by a simple
majority vote of all members of the
Board, the Board may file a complaint.
2. The Board shall decide the level of
review to give the Police Chief's or
City Manager's report by a simple
majority vote of all members of the
Board.
3. The Board has no power to review
police officer personnel records or
disciplinary matters except to the
extent such matters are made public
by the City Attorney.
4. The Board has only limited civil,
administrative review powers, and has
no power or authority over criminal
matters. The Board is not a court of
l —
law, and is not intended to substitute
as a tort claims procedure or as litiga-
tion against the City.
5. If criminal charges are brought or
are being considered against a partic-
ular police officer(s), the Board's re-
view or investigation may proceed
with interviewing other officers or
witnesses, or collecting documents, as
appropriate. Any statements given by
an officer who is subject to criminal
investigation cannot later be used
against the officer in a criminal pro-
ceeding, as provided under the Fifth
Amendment to the U.S. Constitution,
unless such constitutional right is
waived.
6. The Board may obtain outside
counsel and independent investigators
in order to carry out the Board's du-
ties.
7. The Board may hold general infor-
mational hearings concerning Police
Department practices, procedures or
written policies, and such hearings will
be public. The Board shall then report
the results of such general informa-
tional hearings to the City Council, as
the Board deems appropriate. (Ord.
97-3792, 7-15-1997)
8-8-9: POLICE OFFICER'S AND
COMPLAINANT'S RIGHTS
PRESERVED:
A. All rights enjoyed by sworn police
officers employed by the City are
preserved in this Chapter, and nothing
herein is intended to waive, diminish
or interfere with any such rights pro-
tected by the union contract, Iowa's
Civil Service Commission laws and
8-8-10
other applicable State and Federal
laws.
B. All common law rights enjoyed by
complainants and police officers, such
as privacy and freedom from defama-
tion, shall be protected during the
process set out in this Chapter, and it
shall be the Board's duty to protect
said rights.
C. Notwithstanding the above provisions,
no Board member shall be liable to
any person for damages or equitable
relief by reason of any investigation or
recommendation or report made by
either a Board member or by the
Board itself. (Ord. 97-3792,
7-15-1997)
8-8-10: SUNSET CLAUSE: This Chapter
shall be automatically repealed
on August 1, 2001, unless reenacted by
City Council. (Ord. 97-3792, 7-15-1997)
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