HomeMy WebLinkAbout01-25-2000 CommunicationCOPY
POLICE CITIZENS REVIEW BOARD
A Board of the City of Iowa City
410 East Washington Street
Iowa City IA 52240-1826
(319)356-5413
January 13, 2000
Ernie Lehman, Mayor
City of Iowa City
410 E. Washington Street
Iowa City, Iowa 52240
Dear Ernie:
First, congratulations on your selection as Mayor. Your leadership of the Council over
the past two years is greatly appreciated and we look forward to working with you in
2000 and 2001.
As you know, the Iowa City PCRB will "sunset" in September of 2001, just before the
next city elections. This means that the current members of the Council will decide
whether the PCRB will continue to function beyond the sunset date. This will be a very
important decision.
The members of the PCRB would like to request a joint informal session with the entire
Council as soon as your calendar will permit. The purpose of the meeting would be to
review the purpose and goals of the PCRB, to give of summary of activities and
accomplishments in 1999, and to discuss some issues of concern to the Board. We feel it
would be helpful for Pat Farrant, our Vice Chairperson, and I to meet with you and Steve
Atkins to decide on a specific agenda for the joint meeting. If you agree, I will ask Sandy
Bauer, our Administrative Assistant, to arrange a meeting time and place.
The Board also discussed whether it would be helpful and appropriate for one or two
members of the PCRB to meet informally with the three new Council members,
individually or together, to bring them "up to speed" on the ordinance and PCRB
procedures prior to the joint meeting. We would appreciate your opinion on this matter.
I can be reached at work by phone (337-4158) or e-mail (iwatsonegoodwillseiovA.org)
or at home (337-9225 and watson.iohn(a),mcleodusa.net). We look forward to your reply.
Sincerely,
John Watson
Board Chairperson
Cc: Steve Atkins
8-8-1
SECTION:
8-8- 1:
6-8- 2:
8-8- 3:
8-8- 4:
8-8- 5:
II:I:7�
8-8- 7:
8-8- 8:
8-8- 9:
8-6-10:
8-8-11:
CHAPTER 8
POLICE CITIZENS REVIEW BOARD
Creation Of A Police Citizens
Review Board
Intent, Goals And Guiding
Principles
Definition Of Complaint;
Complaint Process In General
Formal Mediation
Police Department And Police
Chief Investigatory Duties; City
Manager Investigatory Duties
Police Chief's Report To The
Board; City Manager's Report
To The Board
Duties Of The Board; Complaint
Review And General Duties
Board Composition; Limited
Powers Of The Board
Police Officer's And
Complainant's Rights
Preserved
Sunset Clause
Time Computation
8-8-1: CREATION OF A POLICE CIT-
IZENS REVIEW BOARD: As
permitted under Iowa's home rule authority,
the City hereby creates a Police Citizens
Review Board, to be hereafter referred to
as the 'Board", subject to the duties and
limited powers set forth herein. (Ord.
97-3792, 7-15-1997)
am
8-8-2: INTENT, GOALS AND GUID-
ING PRINCIPLES:
A. Investigations into claims of inappro-
priate conduct by sworn police officers
will be conducted in a manner which
is fair, thorough, and accurate.
B. An annual reporting system regarding
complaints against sworn police offi-
cers will be established to give the
City Council sufficient information to
assess the overall performance of the
Iowa City Police Department in these
matters.
C. The Board will:
1.Oversee a monitoring system for
tracking receipt of complaints lodged
against sworn police officers;
2. Provide oversight of police investi-
gations through review of such investi-
gations; (Ord. 97-3792, 7-15-1997)
3. Provide the opportunity for a hear-
ing to the police officer if the Board's
findings on the complaint are critical
of the police officer, as required by
constitutional law, and give the police
officer the opportunity to present testi-
mony and evidence; (Ord. 98-3865,
12-15-1998)
4. Issue a final public report on each
complaint to the City Council which
sets forth factual findings and a writ-
ten conclusion which explains why
and the extent to which the complaint
1099
Iowa City
8-8-2
is either "sustained" or "not sus-
tained".
D. The Board shall have no authority
over police disciplinary matters be-
cause only the Police Chief or City I.
Manager may impose discipline under
Iowa law.
E. No findings in the Board's report shall
be used in any other legal proceeding.
F. The Board shall only review the con-
duct of sworn police officers and shall
only act in a civil, not criminal, capaci-
ty. The Board is not intended to be a
court of law, a tort claim process or
other litigation process. No action of
the Board shall be deemed to diminish
or limit the right of any person to file a
claim or a lawsuit against the City.
G. A complaint may be filed by any per-
son with personal knowledge of an
incident. "Personal knowledge" means
the complainant was directly involved
in the incident or witnessed the inci-
dent. If the person with personal
knowledge is underage or otherwise
unable to complete a complaint form,
the complaint may be filed by such
person's designated representative.
The City Manager, the Police Chief,
the City Council, or the Board may file
a complaint based upon a reasonable
belief that police misconduct has oc-
curred regardless of personal knowl-
edge.
H. In order to assure that people feel
confident in the complaint process,
nonpolice City staff shall be available
at a public location other than the
Police Department to receive com-
plaints, although complaints may also
be filed at the Police Department.
Formal mediation shall be available to
the complainant(s) and the police
officer(s) at any time during the pro-
cess.
The Board shall not interfere with or
diminish the legal rights of sworn
police officers, including those rights
protected under the union contract,
Civil Service Commission, and State
and Federal law. Similarly, the Board
shall respect the rights of privacy and
freedom from defamation shared by
complainants and witnesses, as well
as those same rights enjoyed by po-
lice officers under the law.
J. The City Council finds that internal
accountability within the Police De-
partment is a valid legislative purpose,
and one method of accomplishing
such internal accountability is to have
the police do their own investigations
into claims of inappropriate police
conduct. If a complaint is asserted
against the Police Chief, the City
Manager will investigate the claim and
report to the Board and the City Coun-
cil.
K. Investigation of all formal complaints
is a mandatory duty of the Police
Chief, and a report of each complaint
investigation shall be given to the
Board. Such reports to the Board shall
include the factual findings of the
Police Chief as well as a written con-
clusion explaining why and the extent
to which a complaint is either "sus-
tained" or "not sustained". However,
such reports shall not include disci-
pline or other personnel matters. If the
Police Chief and the City Manager find
the police officer's actions constitute
misconduct and discipline is imposed
by the Police Chief or City Managr
loss
Iowa City
the internal affairs investigation may
become a public record to be released
by the City Attorney to the extent
provided by law.
L. In order to assure external account-
ability of the actions of the Police
Department, all formal complaint in-
vestigations shall be reviewed by the
Board and reported to the City Coun-
cil.
M. External accountability will further be
provided by the Board's maintenance
of a central registry of all formal com-
plaints. In addition to the central regis-
try, the Board shall provide an annual
report to the City Council, which report
shall be public and shall set forth the
general types and numbers of com-
plaints, how they were resolved, de-
mographic information, and recom-
mendations as to how the Police De-
partment may improve its community
relations or be more responsive to
community needs.
N. The Board shall have oversight au-
thority to review police practices,
procedures, and written policies as
those practices and procedures relate
to the Police Department's perfor-
mance as a whole, and shall report
same to the City Council, including
any recommended changes. (Ord.
97-3792, 7-15-1997)
8-8-3: DEFINITION OF COMPLAINT;
COMPLAINT PROCESS IN
GENERAL:
A. A "complaint" is an allegation of mis-
conduct lodged against a sworn police
officer ("police officer" or "officer")
employed by the Iowa City Police
Um
Department, where the complained -of
activity occurred while the officer was
acting in the capacity of a sworn po-
lice officer.
B. Any person with personal knowledge
of the alleged police misconduct may
file a complaint with the Board or with
the Iowa City Police Department. In
order to have "personal knowledge",
the complainant must have been di-
rectly involved in the incident or wit-
nessed the incident. If the person with
personal knowledge is underage or
otherwise unable to complete a com-
plaint form, the complaint may be filed
by such person's designated repre-
sentative. The City Manager, the Po-
lice Chief, the City Council or the
Board itself may file a complaint
based on a reasonable belief that
police misconduct has occurred re-
gardless of personal knowledge. The
person or official filing the complaint
may hereafter be referred to as the
"complainant".
C. All complaints filed with the Board or
the Iowa City Police Department shall
be in writing and on forms provided by
the Board. Complaint forms shall be
available to the public in easily acces-
sible locations, and nonpolice staff
shall be available to receive the com-
plaint forms. Assistance may be avail-
able to complete the form as designat-
ed by the Board. (Ord. 97-3792,
7-15-1997)
D. All complaints must be filed with either
the Board or the Iowa City Police
Department within ninety (90) days of
the alleged misconduct.
E. Only those complaints which do not
involve the conduct of an Iowa City
699
Iowa City
8-8-3 8.8-5
sworn police officer or are not filed the complaint shall also be forwarded
within ninety (90) days of the alleged to the City Manager.
misconduct may be subject to summa-
ry dismissal by the Board. (Ord. B. Investigation: It shall be the mandato-
99-3877, 4-20-1999) ry duty of the Police Chief to do the
following:
8-8-4: FORMAL MEDIATION:
1. Prior to investigation of any com-
plaint, the Police Chief shall first give
A. Formal mediation shall be the respon-
Garrity and Gardner advice to all po-
sibility of the Board, and shall be
lice officers implicated in the com-
available to the complainant(s) and
plaint, as required by constitutional
police officer(s) at any stage of the
law. This means the officer cannot be
process upon consent of all involved
required to waive the officer's consti-
parties and as provided by the Board.
tutional right against self-incrimination.
Upon the filing of a complaint, all
However, the officer may be required
complainants shall be informed that
to answer questions during the inves-
formal mediation is available. A com-
tigation as a condition of the officer's
plainant may also meet informally with
employment, but any admissions
the police officer and the watch com-
made by the officer cannot be used
mander of the police officer if the
against the officer in a criminal pro -
complainant wishes to do so.
ceeding.
B. If a complaint is successfully mediat-
2. Notify the complainant and the
ed, the terms of the mediation agree-
police officer who is the subject of the
ment shall be set forth in writing, and
complaint that formal mediation is
shall be kept confidential to the extent
available at any time during the Police
allowed by law; but the status of set-
Department's investigation and the
tlement shall be maintained in the
Board's review. The Police Chief may
Board's central registry for reporting in
also notify the complainant that the
the Board's annual report. There shall
complainant may meet informally with
be no retaliation against police offi-
the police officer and the watch com-
cers who choose not to mediate. (Ord.
mander of the police officer if the
97-3792, 7-15-1997)
complainant wishes to do so.
3. Assign the complaint to designated
8-8-5: POLICE DEPARTMENT AND investigators within the Police Depart -
POLICE CHIEF INVESTIGATO- ment for investigation into the factual
RY DUTIES; CITY MANAGER INVESTI- allegations of the complaint.
GATORY DUTIES:
4. The complainant shall be inter -
A. Complaints: The Police Department viewed by the Police Department and
shall forward copies of all complaints shall be entitled to have a neutral City
received to the Board. If the complaint staff person or some other person
concerns the Police Chief, a copy of chosen by the complainant present
during the interview. The police officer
69s
Iowa City
Um
is entitled to have a union steward
present during any interviews.
5. Investigators will prepare and for-
ward a report of their investigation to
the Police Chief, and shall make de-
tailed findings of fact as to the allega-
tions in the complaint, and shall also
set forth a written conclusion which
explains why and the extent to which
the complaint is either "sustained" or
"not sustained".
C. Legal Advice: If litigation, including
criminal charges, relating to the matter
of the complaint is commenced or is
being contemplated by or against any
party to the complaint, the Police
Department, the Police Chief and/or
the Board shall consult with the City
Attorney and/or the Board's own attor-
ney on a case -by -case basis, to deter-
mine whether and how the investiga-
tion of the complaint should proceed.
D. Complaints Against Police Chief: If a
complaint is filed concerning the Po-
lice Chief's conduct, the City Manager
shall investigate or cause an investi-
gation to be completed.
E. Disciplinary Action: Nothing in this
Chapter shall prevent the Police Chief
or the City Manager from taking disci-
plinary action prior to the Board's
review of the complaint. (Ord.
97-3792, 7-15-1997)
8-8-6: POLICE CHIEF'S REPORT TO
THE BOARD; CITY MAN-
AGER'S REPORT TO THE BOARD:
A. The Police Chief shall receive the
designated investigators' report within
the time frame indicated by the Police
Chief. The Police Chief shall conduct
a review of the investigators' report,
and may do any or all of the following:
conduct interviews or request the
police investigators to conduct addi-
tional investigations; request addition-
al information, or that additional ques-
tions be asked; interview or direct that
other persons or witnesses be inter-
viewed; request that other documents
be reviewed and/or retrieved; and any
other investigative matters the Police
Chief deems appropriate.
B. The Police Chief will consult with the
City Personnel Administrator and the
City Attorney prior to finalizing the
Police Chief's report to the Board, and
shall then forward this report to the
Board, which shall include the follow-
ing:
1. Detailed written findings of fact
concerning the allegations in the com-
plaint;
2. A written conclusion which explains
why and the extent to which the com-
plaint is either "sustained" or 'not
sustained"; and
3. Recommended remedial actions, if
any, including amending current poli-
cies or adopting new policies.
C. The Police Chief's report to the Board
shall not include discipline or person-
nel matters.
D. A copy of the Police Chief's report to
the Board shall be given to the police
officer, the complainant, and the City
Manager. If the complaint concerns
the Police Chief, copies of the City
Manager's report to the Board shall be
given to the Police Chief, the com-
699
Iowa City
plainant, and the City Council. (Ord.
97-3792, 7-15-1997)
E. The Police Chief's report to the Board
shall be completed within ninety (90)
calendar days after complaint Is filed.
The Board may grant extensions from
this deadline for good cause shown.
(Ord. 99-3877, 4-20-1999)
F. All investigations shall be performed
in a manner designed to produce a
minimum of inconvenience and em-
barrassment to all parties, including
the complainant, the police officer,
and other witnesses.
G. If a complaint is filed concerning the
Police Chief, the City Manager's re-
port shall include the same findings of
fact and conclusions as required for
the Police Chief's report to the Board.
(Ord. 97-3792, 7-15-1997)
8-8-7: DUTIES OF THE BOARD;
COMPLAINT REVIEW AND
GENERAL DUTIES:
A. Complaints: The Board shall forward
copies of all complaints received to
the Police Chief for investigation; or
where the complaint concerns the
Police Chief, forward a copy of the
complaint to the City Manager for
investigation.
B. Review Of Police Chief's Report Or
City Manager's Report:
1. The Board shall review all Police
Chief's reports and City Manager's
reports concerning complaints. The
Board shall decide, on a simple major-
ity vote, the level of review to give
each Police Chief's or City Manager's
699
Iowa City
report, and the Board may select any
or all of the following levels of review:
a. On the record with no additional
investigation;
b. Interview/meet with complainant;
c. Interview/meet with named offi-
cer(s) and other officers;
d. Request additional investigation
by the Police Chief or City Manager,
or request police assistance in the
Board's own investigation;
e. Performance by Board of its own
additional investigation;
f. Hire independent investigators.
2. The Board shall apply a 'reason-
able basis' standard of review when
reviewing the Police Chief's or City
Manager's report. This requires the
Board to give deference to the Police
Chief's or City Manager's report be-
cause of the Police Chief's and City
Manager's respective professional
expertise. The Board may recommend
that the Police Chief or City Manager
reverse or modify their findings only if:
a. The findings are unsupported by
substantial evidence;
b. The findings are unreasonable,
arbitrary or capricious; or
c. The findings are contrary to a
Police Department policy or practice,
or any Federal, State, or local law.
When collecting and reviewing addi-
tional evidence, the Board shall rely
on evidence which reasonably prudent
8-8-7
persons are accustomed to rely upon
in the conduct of their serious affairs.
(Ord. 98-3865, 12-15-1998)
3. At the conclusion of the Board's
review, the Board shall issue a public
report to the City Council concerning
the complaint investigation. Such
public report shall include detailed
findings of fact concerning the com-
plaint, together with a clearly articulat-
ed conclusion which explains why and
the extent to which the complaint is
"sustained" or "not sustained". If the
complaint is "not sustained", the pub-
lic report shall not include the names
of the complainant(s) or the police
officer(s). If the complaint is "sus-
tained" the Board may include the
names of the complainant(s) and/or
the police officer(s) if it determines
that the public interest in such disclo-
sure outweighs the public harm and
privacy interests of the complainant(s)
and/or police officer(s). Said determi-
nation shall be made in writing and
shall state, in detail, the Board's rea-
sons for such determination. The
Board shall notify the person(s) whose
name(s) it intends to disclose, the City
Attorney and the Police Chief (or City
Manager if the Police Chief is the
subject of the complaint), of its intent
to make such disclosure by confiden-
tial written communication sent by
regular mail or hand delivery at least
ten (10) working days prior to such
disclosure. In addition, the Board's
public report shall not include any
discipline or personnel matters, al-
though the Board may comment gen-
erally as to whether the Board be-
lieves discipline is appropriate without
commenting on the extent or form of
the discipline. A copy of this public
8-8-7
report to the City Council shall be
given to the complainant(s), the police
officer(s), the Police Chief and the
City Manager. (Ord. 99-3891,
7-13-1999)
4. The Board shall not issue a report
which is critical of the sworn police
officer's conduct until after a "name -
clearing hearing" has been held, con-
sistent with constitutional due process
law. The Board shall give notice of
such hearing to the police officer so
that the officer may testify before the
Board and present additional relevant
evidence. The Board shall be respon-
sible for protection of all State and
Federal rights enjoyed by the officer.
The officer may waive the right to this
hearing upon written waiver submitted
to the Board. (Ord. 98-3865,
12-15-1998)
5. If the Board's report is not critical of
the officer's conduct, the Board is not
required by law to offer a hearing to
the officer, but the Board may hold
hearings as deemed appropriate by
the Board. (Ord. 97-3792, 7-15-1997)
6. The Board's report to the City
Council shall be completed within forty
five (45) calendar days of receipt of
the Chief's or City Manager's report.
The City Council may grant requests
for extensions to this deadline upon
good cause shown. (Ord. 99-3877,
4-20-1999)
7. Nothing in this Chapter shall in any
way impede or interfere with the Po-
lice Chief's and the City Manager's
lawful ability to perform their person-
nel supervisory duties over sworn
police officers, including the ability to
1099
Iowa City
8-8-7
ttA:a:1
impose discipline as deemed appropri-
ate by the Police Chief or City Manag-
er.
8. No findings or report submitted to
the Board or prepared by the Board
shall be used in any other proceed-
ings.
C. General Powers And Duties: The
Board shall also carry out the follow-
ing duties:
1. Maintain a central registry of com-
plaints.
2. Collect data and do an annual re-
port to the City Council which shall be
public and shall set forth the general
types and numbers of complaints,
disposition of the complaints, the
discipline which was imposed, if any,
and demographic information. This
annual report shall not include the
names of the complainants or officers
involved in complaints which were not
sustained, and shall otherwise be in a
form which protects the confidentiality
of the parties while providing the pub-
lic with information on the overall
performance of the Police Depart-
ment. The Board's annual report may
also include recommended changes in
police practices, policies or proce-
dures.
3. In addition to the annual report, the
Board shall, from time to time, report
to the City Council on police practices,
procedures and policies, including
recommended changes, if appropriate.
4. The Board shall adopt procedural
rules and bylaws governing the
Board's activities, including the receipt
and processing of complaints, and
such procedural rules and bylaws
shall be approved by the City Council.
(Ord. 97-3792, 7-15-1997)
8-8-8: BOARD COMPOSITION; LIM-
ITED POWERS OF THE
BOARD:
A. Board Composition:
1099
Iowa City
1. The Board shall consist of five (5)
members appointed by the City Coun-
cil, who shall be Iowa City eligible
electors and shall serve without com-
pensation. The City Council shall
strive to appoint members who repre-
sent the diversity of the community.
Appointments to the Board shall in-
clude one current or former 'peace
officer" as that term is defined by
State law. The City Council reserves
the right to waive the residency re-
quirement for good cause shown. The
City Council also reserves the right,
for good cause shown, to waive the
requirement that the Board include
one current or former peace officer.
2. Following final adoption and publi-
cation of Ordinance 97-3792, as
amended, the City Council shall ap-
point members to the Board for stag-
gered terms. All appointments shall be
for a four (4) year term, except for the
initial appointments which shall be as
follows:
a. One person appointed for a two
(2)year term.
b. Two (2) persons appointed for
three (3) year terms.
c. Two (2) persons appointed for
four (4) year terms.
3
3. Training shall be available to all
Board members to enable them to
perform the duties imposed herein,
including training on Iowa's public
records and open meetings laws.
Limited Powers: The Board shall have
the following limited powers:
1.On its own motion, by a simple
majority vote of all members of the
Board, the Board may file a complaint.
2. The Board shall decide the level of
review to give the Police Chief's or
City Manager's report by a simple
majority vote of all members of the
Board.
3. The Board has no power to review
police officer personnel records or
disciplinary matters except to the
extent such matters are made public
by the City Attorney.
4. The Board has only limited civil,
administrative review powers, and has
no power or authority over criminal
matters. The Board is not a court of
law, and is not intended to substitute
as a tort claims procedure or as litiga-
tion against the City.
5. If criminal charges are brought or
are being considered against any
particular police officer(s), the Board's
review or investigation may proceed
with interviewing other officers or
witnesses, or collecting documents, as
appropriate. Any statements given by
an officer who is subject to criminal
investigation cannot later be used
against the officer in a criminal pro-
ceeding, as provided under the Fifth
Amendment to the U.S. Constitution,
am
unless such constitutional right is
waived.
6. The Board may obtain outside
counsel and independent investigators
in order to carry out the Board's du-
ties.
7. The Board may hold general infor-
mational hearings concerning Police
Department practices, procedures or
written policies, and such hearings will
be public. The Board shall then report
the results of such general informa-
tional hearings to the City Council, as
the Board deems appropriate. (Ord.
97-3792, 7-15-1997)
8-8-9: POLICE OFFICER'S AND
COMPLAINANT'S RIGHTS
PRESERVED:
A. All rights enjoyed by sworn police
officers employed by the City are
preserved in this Chapter, and nothing
herein is intended to waive, diminish
or interfere with any such rights pro-
tected by the union contract, Iowa's
Civil Service Commission laws and
other applicable State and Federal
laws.
B. All common law rights enjoyed by
complainants and police officers, such
as privacy and freedom from defama-
tion, shall be protected during the
process set out in this Chapter, and it
shall be the Board's duty to protect
said rights.
C. Notwithstanding the above provisions,
no Board member shall be liable to
any person for damages or equitable
relief by reason of any investigation or
recommendation or report made by
1099
Iowa City
[
8-8-11
either a Board member or by the
Board Itself. (Ord. 97-3792,
7-15-1997)
8-8-10: SUNSET CLAUSE: This Chapter
shall be automatically repealed
on August 1, 2001, unless reenacted by
City Council. (Ord. 97-3792, 7-15-1997)
B-8-11: TIME COMPUTATION: In com-
puting time under this Chapter,
the first day shall be excluded and the last
included, unless the last falls on a Sunday,
in which case the time prescribed shall be
extended so as to include the whole of the
following Monday. However, when the last
day for the filing of a complaint or the com-
pletion of a report falls on a Saturday or
Sunday, or a day on which the office of the
City Clerk is closed due to a City holiday,
the time shall be extended to include the
next day on which the office of the Clerk is
open to receive the filing of a complaint or
the report. (Ord. 99-3877, 4-20-1999)
1099
Iowa City
J