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HomeMy WebLinkAboutGreenhouse Gas Progress Report 4 21 2016 - FINALPrepared by the City of Iowa City Office of Sustainability Services Fall 2015 For more information, contact Brenda Nations, City of Iowa City Sustainability Coordinator 319-887-6161 or brenda-nations@iowa-city.org Greenhouse Gas Update Iowa City’s community data Includes all greenhouse gas emissions from activities within City limits The City of Iowa City Office of Sustainability Services issues this report to up- date residents on the success of its efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Community emissions have been tracked annually since 2008. The City Council has identified sustainability as an important goal in its most recent strategic plan, and is committed to improving our quality of life through sustainability practices. What is greenhouse gas? A greenhouse gas is a gas that absorbs infra- red radiation, thereby trapping heat in the Earth’s atmosphere and contributing to the greenhouse effect, which ultimately leads to global warming. A couple of examples are carbon dioxide and methane, among others. CO2e refers to carbon dioxide equivalent, which is the standardized unit which in- cludes each different greenhouse gas that would create the same amount of warming to the atmosphere. What are the sources of greenhouse gases? The most abundant greenhouse gas is car- bon dioxide (C02), and while there are natural occurrences that emit CO2, 87% of all carbon dioxide released into the atmo- sphere comes from humans burning fossil fuels. Greenhouse gases are also emitted into the atmosphere as a result of human activities but also through animal and plant respiration. By burning fossil fuels, cutting down forests, the upkeep of livestock, and various industrial processes, humans put harmful gases into the atmosphere. (What- sYourImpact.org). Why it’s a concern From the time the Industrial Revolution be- gan, greenhouse gases have been increas- ing, and most of the increase has occurred in the past 50 years. Because of global warming, 2015 was the warmest year on record. Eleven of the hottest years have oc- curred since 1998. If these trends continue, scientists, government officials and oth- ers believe that the worst effects of global warming – extreme weather, rising sea lev- els, plant and animal extinctions, ocean acidification, major shifts in climate, and unprecedented social upheaval – will be in- evitable. 2000 CO2e in metric tonnes: 1,329,144 2013 CO2e in metric tonnes: 1,298,620 Community summary From the years 2000 to 2013, Iowa City decreased annual emissions by 30,524 metric tonnes, the equivalent annual emissions of 6,426 passenger vehicles, or 2,785 homes. Emissions for this period have remained at or below baseline levels, except for 2008, an abnormal year due to flooding. The larg- est contributors to emissions remain the industrial and commercial sectors, con- tributing 30% and 23.9% respectively. During this period the city has added roughly 9,000 new citizens for a population growth of 15%. The two main power providers for Iowa City residents, MidAmerican and the UI Power Plant continued on back Iowa City Community CO2e Totals by Sector have both made strides in decreas- ing their emissions. MidAmerican has expanded their wind power so that in 2014 wind energy accounted for 37% of generation. In addition, the city has collaborated with the Uni- versity of Iowa to obtain information about their power plant, which con- tinues to burn oat hulls and is in the Community summary continued from front Carbon Dioxide Emissions Per Capita Per capita data Breakdown of greenhouse gas emissions per capita • The effects of global warm- ing due to greenhouse gases (extreme weather, migra- tion, increased flooding, and disease) are now widely ac- cepted scientifically. • The effects of climate change can be felt locally in years of flooding or drought. The flood of 2008 is an example of this. In addition, the years of 2001 and 2013 experi- enced a flood and a drought in the same year. • Researchers and scientists at process of implementing a biomass fuels project in order to reach 40% renewable energy by the year 2020. Iowa City was proud to be the first city in Iowa to complete a community wide greenhouse gas inventory. Iowa City is the only city in Iowa to have six continuous years of emissions data and hopes to use this information to inform the public on local progress. • Iowa City per capita greenhouse gas emissions is 18.1 as of 2013 • Average per capita greenhouse gas emissions in U.S. is 21 metric tonnes as of 2013. • Sustainable level of greenhouse gas emissions is approximately 2 metric tonne per capita • CO2 emissions per capita have decreased 3.3 tonnes since 2000 Importance of moving forward • America’s 2015 Clean Power Plan calls for 32% reductions in CO2 below 2005 levels by 2030, with action plans to be determined by states. • Iowa City has been working with climatologists to predict the impacts of climate change specific to our area. These in- clude warmer temperatures, specifically higher nighttime temperatures, increased pre- cipitation, increased humidity, and more flat line winds. • In order to decrease per cap- ita CO2 emissions from our current level of 18.1 tonnes to the sustainable 2 tonnes, continued efforts will be es- sential. For more information, contact Brenda Nations, City of Iowa City Sustainability Coordinator, at 319-887-6161 or brenda-nations@iowa-city.org Next steps In February 2016, Iowa City Mayor Jim Throgmorton signed the Compact of Mayors to demonstrate the City’s commitment toward reducing local greenhouse gas emissions, measur- ing community emissions, and setting data-based targets for the future. The City will also work to address the impacts of climate change, identify climate hazards, assess vulnerability, and develop a climate adaptation plan. The Compact has four stages that will take place over three years. 39 Iowa colleges and universities have gathered 188 signatures on a statement warning that the ef- fects of climate change are ex- pected to increase. Iowa City Community CO2e Totals by Sector CO2e (in metric tonnes) by Sector