HomeMy WebLinkAbout2020 MPO Update to the Affordable Housing Market Analysis
Update to the 2015 Affordable
Housing Market Analysis for
the Iowa City Urbanized Area
February 2021
ii
Prepared by the Metropolitan Planning Organization of Johnson County (MPOJC) and the City
of Iowa City
Frank Waisath, Associate Transportation Planner
Greta Larget, Transportation Planning Intern
iii
Table of Contents
List of Figures and Tables iv
Introduction 1
Existing Conditions 2
Population and Demographic Data 2
Economic and Employment Data 7
Poverty 7
Free and Reduced Lunch Program 9
Employment 13
Distribution of Income 16
Median Household Income 17
Income by Age of Householder 18
Basic Housing Trends 21
Household Composition 21
Owner-Occupied versus Renter-Occupied 22
Housing Stock 23
Building Permits 24
Housing Vacancy 25
Housing Costs and Cost Burden 26
Renters 26
Homeowners 28
Income versus Housing Cost 30
Cost Burden Illustrated 31
Appendix A 33
Appendix B 34
iv
Figures
Figure 1 Population trends, 2010-2019 2
Figure 2 Project population growth 3
Figure 3 Population distribution by age group, 2019 4
Figure 4 Population distribution by race 5
Figure 5 Student population at the University of Iowa 6
Figure 6 Families in poverty – number and percentage 7
Figure 7 Poverty rate by race and ethnicity, 2019 8
Figure 8 Total enrollment and percent of free and reduced lunch students 9
Figure 9 ICCSD Elementary School Boundaries 2019-2020 11
Figure 10 ICCSD Secondary School Boundaries 2019-2020 12
Figure 11 Unemployment by race and ethnicity 14
Figure 12 Employment and mean salary by occupation 15
Figure 13 Household income distribution by jurisdiction 16
Figure 14 Median household income 17
Figure 15 County income distribution by age group 18
Figure 16 Owner-occupied and renter-occupied units 22
Figure 17 Building permits issued by community 2010-2019, single-family and multi-family 24
Figure 18 Vacancy rates 25
Figure 19 Proportion of cost-burdened renters by jurisdiction 26
Figure 20 Median housing value – owner-occupied 28
Figure 21 Proportion of cost-burdened owners by jurisdiction 29
Figure 22 Percent change in median housing value and median household income by
jurisdiction, 2014-2019 30
Figure 23 Median gross rent vs. 30% of monthly wages by selected industries 31
Figure 24 Percent of monthly wage needed to pay median rent (2019) for selected
Industries 32
v
Tables
Table 1 Historical population trends 2
Table 2 Population distribution by age group, 2019 3
Table 3 Poverty rates 7
Table 4 Poverty rates, 2016 8
Table 5 Free and reduced lunch program data by school and year, ICCSD and CCASD 10
Table 6 Unemployment rates in civilian labor force by jurisdiction, county, state, and
nation 13
Table 7 Median household income by jurisdiction 17
Table 8 Median household income by race of householder, 2019 17
Table 9 Household income distribution by age of householder by jurisdiction, 2019 19
Table 10 Family and non-family households 21
Table 11 Households with children 21
Table 12 Total Housing Units by Jurisdiction 23
Table 13 Building permits issued for single and multi-family homes, 2010-2019 24
Table 14 Cost-burdened renters by region, county, and state 26
Table 15 Severely cost-burdened renters by region, county, and state 27
Table 16 Rent burden by race, U.S. 27
Table 17 Cost-burdened homeowners by region, county, and state 29
Table 18 Severely cost-burdened homeowners by region, county, and state 29
Table 19 Change in median gross rental cost by jurisdiction (adjusted for inflation) 31
1
Introduction
This document provides an update to the Affordable Housing Market Analysis Update completed by the
Metropolitan Planning Organization of Johnson County and the Housing Trust Fund of Johnson County in
2015. This report is intended to compare the socio-economic conditions and housing needs between 2015
and 2019, and to discuss strategies to help meet identified goals for the urbanized area. The urbanized
area consists of Coralville, Iowa City, North Liberty, Tiffin, and University Heights . This update to the 2015
document is intended to be a starting point for a newly formed staff steering committee that will examine
and address housing affordability in Iowa City.
Data presented in this document is largely derived from the U.S. Census Bureau’s American Community
Survey (ACS) 5-year estimates for 2010-2014 and 2015-2019. The consistent methodology, statistical rigor,
and scale of the ACS data allows for comparisons across time periods. Additionally, county, state, and
national data are used to provide broader context as appropriate.
At the time of preparation, Decennial Census data for the year 2020 was not yet available for analysis and
therefore the economic, financial, and housing impacts of the COVID -19 pandemic are not captured in this
document. Data from the 2020 Census should be monitored as it is released throughout 2021 in order to
account for effects of the pandemic. Disruptions to the collection schedule and standard operating
procedures for the 2020 Census may impact the reporting of these results.
2
Existing Conditions
Population and Demographic Data
Since the 2010 Census, the population of the urbanized area has grown from 103,141 to an estimated
121,607 in 2019, a 17.9% increase. Iowa City showed the largest percentage of growth in the County over
this period.
Figure 1:
Source: U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2015-2019 5-Year Estimates
Across Iowa, populations in rural counties generally decline, while metropolitan areas gain in population.
The population of Johnson County increased 8.6% percent between 2014 and 2019, compared to the
state’s 2.0% percent increase in population during the same period.
Table 1: Historical population trends
Year Coralville Iowa City North
Liberty Tiffin University
Heights
Urbanized
Area
Johnson
County Iowa
2019 22,259 74,942 19,227 4,139 1,040 121,607 150,685 3,155,070
2010 18,907 67,862 13,374 1,947 1,051 103,141 130,882 3,046,355
2000 15,123 62,220 5,367 975 987 84,672 111,006 2,926,324
1990 10,347 59,735 2,926 460 1,042 74,510 96,119 2,776,831
1980 7,687 50,508 2,046 413 1,069 61,723 81,717 2,913,808
1970 6,130 46,850 1,055 299 1,265 55,599 72,127 2,825,368
1960 2,357 33,443 334 311 841 37,286 53,663 2,757,537
1950 977 27,212 309 256 446 29,200 45,756 2,621,073
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Decennial Censuses and ACS 2015-2019 5-Year Estimate
18,907 67,862
13,374
1,947
1,051
103,141 130,882
3,352 7,080
5,853
2,192
-11
18,466 19,803
-5%
10%
25%
40%
55%
70%
85%
100%
Coralville Iowa City North Liberty Tiffin University
Heights
Urbanized Area Johnson County
Population Trends, 2010-2019
Population in 2010 Population growth, 2010-2019
3
Over the next 25 years, population is projected to grow in every jurisdiction except University Heights. While
North Liberty and Tiffin are both projected to grow significantly compared to their population today, t he
majority of the growth in Johnson County will be concentrated in Iowa City.
Figure 2:
Source: U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2015-2019 & 2010-2014 5-Year Estimates
Due to the large student population at the University of Iowa, the urbanized area has proportionally more
residents between ages 20 and 24 than other urbanized areas in the state. However, each jurisdiction has
a slightly different age composition. In general, Iowa City is centralized around the 20 to 24-year-old age
bracket, indicating that the college student population is a significant contributor to the population makeup
of the region. The median age is skewed a bit to favor the mid-20s to mid-40s population in Tiffin and North
Liberty while Coralville lies just slightly higher than Iowa City. North Liberty has the highest proportion of
kids based on the size of the cities in the urbanized area. The general makeup of Johnson County has
stayed relatively constant between 2014 and 2019.
Table 2: Population distribution by age group, 2019
Age Coralville Iowa City North
Liberty Tiffin University
Heights
Urbanized
Area
Johnson
County
Less than 10 2,747 6,512 3,821 594 131 20,185 17,295
10 to 19 2,197 11,953 1,865 377 90 23,696 20,619
20 to 24 2,491 16,859 1,480 227 235 24,398 23,127
25 to 34 4,080 11,694 4,116 591 238 25,726 23,239
35 to 44 2,700 7,596 3,388 576 109 20,365 17,874
45 to 54 2,242 6,414 1,676 370 72 17,530 14,803
55 to 64 2,303 6,081 1,178 280 149 17,826 14,810
65 or more 2,343 7,841 1,305 336 135 20,951 16,810
TOTAL 21,103 74,950 18,829 3,351 1,159 170,677 148,577
Source: U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2015-2019 5-Year Estimates
22,290
75,130
19,501
4,157 1,026
151,140
30,571
99,766
37,823
9,929 1,000
212,540
-
25,000
50,000
75,000
100,000
125,000
150,000
175,000
200,000
225,000
Coralville Iowa City North Liberty Tiffin University Heights Johnson County
Projected Population Growth
2019 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
4
Figure 3:
Source: U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2015-2019 5-Year Estimates
Figure 4 on the following page shows that m ost cities in the urbanized area have become more ethnically
diverse between 2014 and 2019. The previous update from 2015 noted a significant increase in the
Hispanic population, which has continued to increase between 2014 and 2019 (See Appendix A for detailed
figures and percentages).
The most notable increase of racial diversity within the urbanized area was in Coralville and University
Heights. However, the relatively small size and limited opportunity for expansion of University Heights is
likely allowing the proportions to show more variability. Although Johnson County is generally more racially
diverse than Iowa as a whole, it still has a large majority W hite population.
11.7%
11.9%
11.3%
17.7%
20.3%
8.7%
13.0%
13.8%
13.9%
7.7%
11.3%
9.9%
15.9%
10.4%
15.6%
14.3%
20.3%
6.8%
7.9%
22.5%
11.8%
15.6%
15.1%
20.5%
17.6%
21.9%
15.6%
19.3%
12.0%
11.9%
9.4%
17.2%
18.0%
10.1%
12.8%
10.0%
10.3%
6.2%
11.0%
8.9%
8.6%
10.6%
9.9%
10.5%
12.9%
8.3%
6.3%
8.1%
10.9%
11.3%
12.2%
11.6%
10.1%
6.9%
10.4%
11.1%
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%
Johnson County
Urbanized Area
University Heights
Tiffin
North Liberty
Iowa City
Coralville
Population Distribution by Age Group, 2019
Less than 10 10 to 19 20 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 54 55 to 64 65 or more
5
Source: U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2015-2019 & 2010-2014 5-Year Estimates Figure 4: Population Distribution by Race *For detailed percentages for all races, see Appendix A
6
Student enrollment numbers at the University of Iowa have stayed relatively constant over the time frame
being studied, with the COVID-19 pandemic potentially accounting for the slight decline in 2020 enrollment.
Overall, however, the student population has made a stable and significant contribution to the population
of the urbanized area.
Figure 5:
Source: University of Iowa Admissions
31,387 32,150 31,730
-
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
2014 2019 2020
Student Population at the University of Iowa
7
Economic and Employment Data
Poverty
The US Census Bureau collects data on individuals in poverty by comparing family incomes to thresholds
established by the federal government, which are adjusted annually for inflation. The 2014 poverty threshold
is defined as $11,670 for one person and $23,850 for a family of four. The 2019 poverty threshold is defined
as $12,490 for one person and $25,750 for a family of four.
Between 2014 and 2019, Coralville, North Liberty, and University Heights have all increased the proportion
of people in poverty while Iowa City and Tiffin have decreased their poverty rates. Johnson County has an
increasing proportion of people living in poverty while the overall poverty rate for Iowa is decreasing.
Figure 6:
Source: U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2015-2019 & 2010-2014 5-Year Estimates
Table 3: Poverty rates
Year Coralville Iowa
City
North
Liberty Tiffin University
Heights
Urbanized
Area
Johnson
County Iowa
2014 6.0% 10.3% 4.0% 6.2% 8.0% 6.9% 6.6% 8.2%
2019 9.4% 9.3% 4.4% 1.4% 14.3% 7.8% 7.0% 7.2%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2015-2019 & 2010-2014 5-Year Estimates
265
1,327
135
29
21 1,938
1,965
439 1,245
206
12
36
1,777 2,268
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
16%
Coralville Iowa City North Liberty Tiffin University
Heights
Urbanized
Area
Johnson
County
Families in Poverty -Number and Percentage
2014 2019
8
Acknowledging racial disparities in poverty and income can help in finding ways to provide equitable access
to affordable housing. As shown below, racial and ethnic minorities are more likely to be in poverty than
White individuals.
Figure 7:
Source: U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2015-2019 5-Year Estimates
College students are another population to consider for affordable housing policy. Beginning with the 2016
American Community Survey, their needs were calculated separately from the surrounding county and
jurisdiction as a whole. College students in Iowa City make up just over half of all people in poverty and just
under half of all people living in Johnson County. Because there is a large college student population in the
urbanized area, the poverty rate is expected to be higher as many students rely on temporary i ncome
sources such as loans and family support.
Table 4: Poverty rates, 2016
Place
Poverty rates
Total Poverty
Rate
Poverty rate excluding off-
campus college students
Iowa City 28.0% 13.1%
Johnson County 17.9% 9.3%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2012-2016 5-Year Estimates
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Coralville Iowa City North Liberty Tiffin University
Heights
Johnson County Iowa
Poverty Rate by Race and Ethnicity, 2019
White Black or African American
American Indian and Alaska Native Asian
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander Some other race
Two or more races Hispanic or Latino origin (of any race)
9
Free and Reduced Lunch Program
Schoolchildren whose families’ incomes fall below the poverty line (or meet other similar criteria) are eligible
to receive a free or reduced-price lunch. The total number of students in the Iowa City Community School
District (ICCSD) and Clear Creek Amana School District (CCASD) eligible to participate in this program has
increased by over 50% since 2010. While the school district boundaries do not align with the municipal
boundaries of the communities included in the urbanized area, free and reduced lunch data gives a general
sense of the magnitude and spatial distribution of poverty. Between 2014 and 201 9, the number of
households with children in Johnson County decreased by 2.3%, but the number of FRL participants
increased by about 5%.
Figure 8:
Source: Iowa City Community School District, Clear Creek Amana School District, and Iowa Dept. of Education
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19
Total Enrollment and Percent of Free and Reduced Lunch
Students
ICCSD CCASD ICCSD FRL CCASD FRL
10
Table 5: Free and reduced lunch program data by school and year, ICCSD and CCASD
School Year 2009-10 2014-15 2019-20
SCHOOL TOTAL
ENROLLED
TOTAL
FRL
FRL
RATE
TOTAL
ENROLLED
TOTAL
FRL
FRL
RATE
TOTAL
ENROLLED
TOTAL
FRL
FRL
RATE
ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS
ALEXANDER N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 320 225 70.3%
AMANA ELEM 129 30 23.3% 193 36 18.7% 117 40 34.2%
BORLAUG N/A N/A N/A 399 113 28.3% 454 189 41.6%
CC ELEM 335 65 19.4% 343 79 23.0% 276 72 26.1%
CVL CENTRAL 429 133 31.0% 397 153 38.5% 442 220 49.8%
GARNER N/A N/A N/A 575 107 18.6% 512 179 35.0%
GRANT N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 518 75 14.5%
HILLS 144 84 58.3% 111 70 63.1% 179 129 72.1%
HOOVER 360 92 25.6% 306 63 20.6% 415 205 49.4%
HORN 331 64 19.3% 487 183 37.6% 434 226 52.1%
KIRKWOOD 336 199 59.2% 360 262 72.8% 282 202 71.6%
LEMME 329 84 25.5% 400 105 26.3% 368 102 27.7%
LINCOLN 261 14 5.4% 234 17 7.3% 240 70 29.2%
LONGFELLOW 310 56 18.1% 322 65 20.2% 407 167 41.0%
LUCAS 415 166 40.0% 403 230 57.1% 329 160 48.6%
MANN 275 135 49.1% 221 110 49.8% 239 89 37.2%
NORTH BEND 273 67 24.5% 469 90 19.2% 334 63 18.9%
OAK HILL N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 271 77 28.4%
PENN 510 142 27.8% 521 100 19.2% 496 65 13.1%
ROOSEVELT 307 195 63.5% N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
SHIMEK 201 22 10.9% 208 30 14.4% 203 39 19.2%
TIFFIN ELEM N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 305 86 28.2%
TWAIN 244 188 77.0% 374 284 75.9% 205 115 56.1%
VAN ALLEN 683 151 22.1% 506 85 16.8% 480 116 24.2%
WEBER 540 80 14.8% 488 205 42.0% 570 249 43.7%
WICKHAM 485 15 3.1% 500 52 10.4% 413 44 10.7%
WOOD 507 333 65.7% 504 373 74.0% 324 227 70.1%
MIDDLE SCHOOLS
CCA MIDDLE 340 75 22.1% 437 83 19.0% 577 170 29.5%
NORTH CENTRAL 396 69 17.4% 471 93 19.8% 581 138 23.8%
NORTHWEST 615 200 32.5% 633 214 33.8% 765 312 40.8%
SOUTHEAST 688 263 38.2% 794 343 43.2% 817 359 43.9%
HIGH SCHOOLS
CITY HIGH 1,389 416 29.9% 1592 585 36.8% 1,566 598 38.2%
CCA HIGH 495 91 18.4% 589 110 18.7% 661 160 24.2%
LIBERTY HIGH N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 1,096 307 28.0%
WEST HIGH 1,789 393 22.0% 1973 440 22.3% 1,460 495 33.9%
TATE HIGH 122 84 68.9% 151 77 51.0% 161 86 53.4%
Total - Both Districts
13,238 3,906 29.5% 14,961 4,757 31.8% 16,817 6,056 36.0%
Source: Iowa City Community School District, Clear Creek Amana School District, and Iowa Dept. of Education
11
Figure 9:
12
Figure 10:
13
Employment
The Iowa City urbanized area has had a relatively stable unemployment rate even as the national and state
rates fluctuated, potentially due to the stability of The University of Iowa attracting and employing people.
The smaller communities and unincorporated areas tend to have lower and decreasing unemployment
rates in comparison to Iowa City which is slightly higher. These rates are likely subject to change due to the
impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and should be considered for future analysis.
Table 6: Unemployment rates in civilian labor force by jurisdiction, county, state, and nation
Year Coralville Iowa City North
Liberty Tiffin University
Heights
Johnson
County Iowa US
2014 3.5% 4.6% 0.7% 4.2% 2.7% 3.6% 5.4% 9.2%
2019 3.1% 4.7% 1.1% 2.0% 1.5% 3.5% 3.7% 4.5%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2015-2019 & 2010-2014 5-Year Estimates
Unemployment rates have generally decreased between 2014 and 2019, but they are still much higher for
racial and ethnic minorities, as shown in Figure 11. Some of the extreme changes in unemployment rates
by race can be accounted for by the raw number of people present. For example, in 2014, University Heights
did not have anyone who identified as “some other race alone,” and in 2019 they had a 100% unempl oyment
rate for people who identified as such, likely indicating that only one or a few people moved to University
Heights of that demographic that were unemployed. Only a few people moving would not affect other
jurisdictions so dramatically.
The chart on page 15, Figure 12, illustrates the percentage of workers by industry in relation to the mean
income for that industry in the urbanized area. From left to right, the graph shows the industries with the
greatest to least percentage of employed persons. This information is useful to determine how workers in
different sectors of employment are affected by the housing market in the community.
14
Figure 11:
Source: U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2015-2019 & 2010-2014 5-Year Estimates
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Coralville Iowa City North Liberty Tiffin University
Heights
Johnson
County
Iowa US
Unemployment by Race and Ethnicity, 2014
White Black or African American
American Indian or Alaska Native Asian
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander Some other race
Two or more races Hispanic or Latino origin (of any race)
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Coralville Iowa City North Liberty Tiffin University
Heights
Johnson
County
Iowa US
Unemployment by Race and Ethnicity, 2019
White Black or African American
American Indian or Alaska Native Asian
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander Some other race
Two or more races Hispanic or Latino origin (of any race)
15
Figure 12: Employment and mean salary by occupation
Source: Iowa Wage Survey, 2020
16
Distribution of Income
Distribution of household income is a good indicator of how income varies with respect to location and may
help jurisdictions better understand their affordable housing needs. Figure 13 below illustrates household
income distribution by jurisdiction. Iowa City generally has more people in lower income brackets than the
smaller communities, county, and state, possibly due to the large student population. University Heights
has the highest number of people in both the highest and the lowest income brackets, indicating strong
income disparity among residents. This is also possibly due to University Heights’ proximity to both The
University of Iowa and University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau 2015-2019 & 2010-2014 5-Year Estimates
Figure 13: Household income by jurisdiction
17
Median Household Income
The previous update in 2015 reported nearly a 7% decrease in median household income between 2000
and 2012. Figure 14 below shows an increase in median household income from 2014 to 2019 in every
community across the urbanized area.
Figure 14:
Source: U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2015-2019 & 2010-2014 5-Year Estimates
Table 7: Median household income by jurisdiction
Year Coralville Iowa City North
Liberty Tiffin University
Heights
Johnson
County
2014 $59,822 $42,119 $72,470 $51,000 $52,500 $54,985
2019 $60,321 $49,075 $83,949 $78,713 $68,533 $62,542
Source: U.S. Census Bureau 2015-2019 & 2010-2014 5-Year Estimates
The data in Table 8 shows that there is a significant discrepancy in Iowa for median household income
based on race. Most notably is the ~$30,000 difference in median household income for W hite and Black
households. Unfortunately this data is not available at the county or local level.
Table 8: Median household income by race of householder, 2019
State White
Black or
African
American
American
Indian and
Alaska Native
Asian
Native
Hawaiian and
Other Pacific
Islander
Some
Other
Race
Two or
More
Races
Iowa $62,097 $32,139 $36,794 $59,890 $48,173 $47,938 $44,727
Source: U.S. Census Bureau 2015-2019 & 2010-2014 5-Year Estimates $59,822 $42,119 $72,470 $51,000 $52,500 $54,985 $60,321 $49,075 $83,949 $78,713 $68,533 $62,542 $-
$10,000
$20,000
$30,000
$40,000
$50,000
$60,000
$70,000
$80,000
$90,000
Coralville Iowa City North Liberty Tiffin University Heights Johnson County
Median Household Income
2014 2019
18
Income by Age of Householder
Showing income distribution by age of householder can help identify which segments of the population may
be the most impacted by housing costs. Figure 15 below shows income distribution by age for 2014 and
2019. Of the people earning less than $10,000 per year, just over half of them are under age 25, rather
than the expected overwhelming majority, indicating that poverty is affecting more than just college students
in the area.
Figure 15:
Source: U.S. Census Bureau 2015-2019 & 2010-2014 5-Year Estimates
When income distribution by age is examined for each community, University Heights has the highest
proportion of households with income below $10,000 with Iowa City close behind. When householders
under age 25 are discounted, Iowa City has the highest number of households with income below $10,000.
In total, there are 2,131 urbanized area households with a householder over the age of 25 and income less
than $10,000, two thirds of which are in Iowa City. Iowa City is tied with Coralville for the highest proportion
(18%) of households with a householder over the age of 25 with income below $25,000 (characteris tics
which are more similar to low-income families than college students). The previous update in 2015
mentioned a significant difference between the low levels of income in Iowa City compared to the rest of
the urbanized area, a trend which is no longer as prevalent, as proportions of low-income households have
increased in surrounding communities.
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
10,000
2014 2019 2014 2019 2014 2019 2014 2019 2014 2019 2014 2019 2014 2019 2014 2019 2014 2019 2014 2019
Less than
$10,000
$10,000 to
$19,999
$20,000 to
$29,999
$30,000 to
$39,999
$40,000 to
$49,999
$50,000 to
$59,999
$60,000 to
$74,999
$75,000 to
$99,999
$100,000
to
$149,999
$150,000
or more
County Income Distribution by Age Group
Under 25 25 to 44 45 to 64 65 or moreNumber of Households
19
Table 9: Household income distribution by age of householder by jurisdiction, 2019
Income Coralville
Under 25 25-44 45-64 65+
Less than $10,000 247 326 124 55
$10,000 to $19,999 152 224 99 212
$20,000 to $29,999 146 336 109 209
$30,000 to $39,999 319 295 88 138
$40,000 to $49,999 48 277 73 77
$50,000 to $59,999 20 272 156 217
$60,000 to $74,999 58 343 230 131
$75,000 to $99,999 58 351 286 74
$100,000 to $149,999 49 518 490 208
$150,000 or more 17 416 747 262
Income
Iowa City Total households
below Iowa City’s
median income,
over age 25 Under 25 25-44 45-64 65+
Less than $10,000 2761 735 528 155 1,418
$10,000 to $19,999 1686 818 386 582 1,786
$20,000 to $29,999 947 895 569 566 2,030
$30,000 to $39,999 589 1034 494 488 2,016
$40,000 to $49,999 332 1135 524 328 1,987
$50,000 to $59,999 221 1019 481 373
$60,000 to $74,999 245 1196 704 498
$75,000 to $99,999 209 1292 1102 589
$100,000 to $149,999 79 1604 1320 784
$150,000 or more 19 935 1730 616
Income North Liberty
Under 25 25-44 45-64 65+
Less than $10,000 76 111 16 57
$10,000 to $19,999 0 0 36 94
$20,000 to $29,999 51 159 57 84
$30,000 to $39,999 71 218 189 81
$40,000 to $49,999 124 160 66 77
$50,000 to $59,999 22 292 152 82
$60,000 to $74,999 68 490 236 84
$75,000 to $99,999 156 806 227 173
$100,000 to $149,999 0 1210 363 45
$150,000 or more 0 561 440 54
20
Table 9 (Continued): Household income distribution by age of householder by jurisdiction, 2019
Income Tiffin
Under 25 25-44 45-64 65+
Less than $10,000 7 0 3 0
$10,000 to $19,999 6 0 17 30
$20,000 to $29,999 0 14 39 18
$30,000 to $39,999 56 21 11 16
$40,000 to $49,999 53 19 47 40
$50,000 to $59,999 5 41 32 18
$60,000 to $74,999 0 53 45 17
$75,000 to $99,999 0 154 76 26
$100,000 to $149,999 0 246 96 7
$150,000 or more 0 44 30 20
Income University Heights
Under 25 25-44 45-64 65+
Less than $10,000 56 21 0 0
$10,000 to $19,999 5 3 11 6
$20,000 to $29,999 31 8 2 0
$30,000 to $39,999 14 0 16 11
$40,000 to $49,999 4 10 4 0
$50,000 to $59,999 4 25 5 0
$60,000 to $74,999 0 27 34 0
$75,000 to $99,999 4 32 6 2
$100,000 to $149,999 0 23 24 25
$150,000 or more 0 47 34 37
Source: U.S. Census Bureau 2015-2019 5-Year Estimates
21
Basic Housing Trends
Household Composition
Non-family households are very common in the urbanized area, as many college students share housing
to reduce costs. Between 2014 and 2019, the proportion of non-family households slightly increased for
Coralville, Iowa City, and University Heights and significantly decreased for North Liberty and Tiffin. This is
the exact opposite of the trend described in the 2015 update, likely due to the smaller communities’ appeal
to newer families. However, there was little measurable change in the overall proportion of non-family
households in Johnson County as a whole.
Table 10: Family and non-family households
2014 Coralville Iowa City North
Liberty Tiffin University
Heights
Johnson
County Iowa
Total 7,710 28,843 5,942 832 534 54,850 1,232,228
Family 4,419 12,887 3,386 470 261 29,769 797,031
Non-Family 3,291 15,956 2,556 362 273 25,081 435,197
% Non-
Family 42.68% 55.32% 43.02% 43.51% 51.12% 45.73% 35.32%
2019 Coralville Iowa City North
Liberty Tiffin University
Heights
Johnson
County Iowa
Total 8,457 30,568 7,188 1,307 531 59,134 1,265,473
Family 4,672 13,385 4,682 880 252 32,395 802,826
Non-Family 3,785 17,183 2,506 427 279 26,739 462,647
% Non-
Family 44.76% 56.21% 34.86% 32.67% 52.54% 45.22% 36.56%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau 2015-2019 & 2010-2014 5-Year Estimates
Between 2014 and 2019, the number of households with children decreased in Coralville and Iowa City
while increasing in North Liberty, Tiffin, and University Heights. Households with children have different
housing needs based on their social and economic characteristics. Factors such as location, size of housing
unit, proximity to schools, and presence of other households with children may influence a family’s decision
to purchase or rent one home or another. The proportion of housing suitable for family occupancy should
correspond to the proportion of families with children. Furthermore, a variety of single and multi-family units
provides families with more options to make housing choices based on location.
Table 11: Households with children
Year Coralville Iowa City North
Liberty Tiffin University
Heights
Johnson
County Iowa
2014 2,521 6,240 2,099 269 94 15,070 374,781
2019 2,414 6,045 2,872 504 126 15,453 375,250
Source: U.S. Census Bureau 2015-2019 & 2010-2014 5-Year Estimates
22
Owner-Occupied versus Renter-Occupied
Although a 3-to-1 ratio of owner-occupied to renter-occupied units is common in many communities, the
urbanized area has nearly a 1-to-1 ratio. The large population of college students is likely a major factor in
keeping the proportion of owners and renters more equal. Over the last five years, the proportion of renters
has increased in all communities in the urbanized area, except for North Liberty. Overall from 2014 to 2019,
the proportion of renter-occupied properties has increased slightly across Johnson County as a whole.
Figure 16:
Source: U.S. Census Bureau 2015-2019 & 2010-2014 5-Year Estimates
Overall, W hite individuals have a higher chance of owning their property than renting it. This trend continues
from 2014 to 2019. There are a few exceptions, particularly for Asian residents living in North Liberty and
University Heights in 2019, but overall, non-W hite populations have lower rates of homeownership. With
the large student population it’s possible that these individuals are choosing to rent, but when the trend is
this similar across the urbanized area, it’s likely pointing to a lack of opportunity for home ownership for
racial minorities. Appendix B gives more detail about the trends in renter/owner rates present in each
jurisdiction over time.
71.1%
71.8%
58.5%
59.6%
52.4%
59.6%
67.6%
72.5%
69.4%
68.4%
47.7%
48.1%
50.6%
56.5%
28.9%
28.2%
41.5%
40.4%
47.6%
40.4%
32.4%
27.5%
30.6%
31.6%
52.3%
51.9%
49.4%
43.5%
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%
2019
2014
2019
2014
2019
2014
2019
2014
2019
2014
2019
2014
2019
2014
IowaJohnsonCountyUniversityHeightsTiffinNorthLibertyIowa CityCoralvilleOwner-Occupied and Rental-Occupied Units
Owner-occupied Renter-occupied
23
Housing Stock
Between 2014 and 2019, all jurisdictions added to their housing stock except University Heights. Tiffin is
still significantly increasing its housing stock, a trend that was noted in the previous 2015 update. North
Liberty has also continued its trend of increasing housing stock, although not as significantly prior to 2014.
Table 12: Total Housing Units by Jurisdiction
Coralville Iowa City North
Liberty Tiffin University
Heights
Johnson
County
2014 8,168 30,002 6,102 898 574 57,280
2019 9,194 33,254 7,548 1,473 542 63,623
Total Units
Added 1,026 3,252 1,446 575 -32 6,343
% Change 13% 11% 24% 64% -6% 11%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau 2015-2019 & 2010-2014 5-Year Estimates
24
Building Permits
Coralville and Iowa City have significantly increased their building permit approval for multi -family housing
units compared to the 2015 update. Iowa City and Coralville increased their multi-family building permits by
311.7% and 1202.5% respectively between 2014 and 2019. Continuing to ensure that an adequate amount
of land in the urbanized area is zoned for multi-family developments is necessary to meet this demand.
Figure 17:
Source: State of the Cities Building Permit Data System, HUD
Table 13: Building permits issued for single and multi-family homes, 2010-2019
Year CORALVILLE IOWA CITY NORTH
LIBERTY TIFFIN UNIVERSITY
HEIGHTS
JOHNSON
COUNTY
UNINCORP.
AREA
SF MF SF MF SF MF SF MF SF MF SF MF
2010 40 0 153 59 136 0 13 16 0 0 38 0
2011 71 122 126 99 157 20 23 54 0 0 39 0
2012 77 10 223 176 136 20 19 18 0 0 77 0
2013 66 0 219 479 71 47 34 0 0 0 59 0
2014 89 75 226 219 162 93 19 72 0 0 49 0
2015 29 109 151 537 126 0 35 148 0 0 74 0
2016 18 370 263 817 120 0 36 139 0 0 75 0
2017 19 334 213 305 178 0 120 26 0 0 33 0
2018 25 467 132 189 73 51 151 108 0 0 49 9
2019 17 99 98 471 72 21 134 77 0 0 51 2
Subtotal 451 1,586 1,804 3,351 1,231 252 584 658 0 0 544 11
Total 2,037 5,155 1,483 1,242 0* 555
*Data from HUD shows no permits from University Heights despite development of 1 University Place multi -family development.
Source: State of the Cities Building Permit Data System, HUD.
451
1586
1804
3351
1231
252
584 658
0 0
544
11
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
SF MF SF MF SF MF SF MF SF MF SF MF
CORALVILLE IOWA CITY NORTH LIBERTY TIFFIN UNIVERSITY
HEIGHTS
JOHNSON COUNTY
UNINCORPORATED
AREA
Building Permits Issued by Community 2010 -2019
Single-family (SF) & Multi-family (MF)
25
Housing Vacancy
Housing vacancy rates are helpful indicators of occupancy turnover and housing mobility. While having
some vacancy is ideal to promote population growth, the ideal rate is fairly arbitrary. However, having a
rate that’s stable is important in regulating ho using costs and mitigating the cost burden. The average rental
vacancy rate in the United States was 8.9% between 2010 and 2014 and was 6.9% between 2015 and
2019.
From 2014 to 2019, homeowner vacancy rates decreased in every jurisdiction except for Iowa City while
renter vacancy rates increased in every jurisdiction except for University Heights (which remained at 0%).
Tiffin has a particularly high rate of rental vacancy that increased between 2014 and 2019.
Figure 18:
Source: U.S. Census Bureau 2015-2019 & 2010-2014 5-Year Estimates
0.0%
2.0%1.4%1.8%
0.7%0.0%
2.4%
1.5%
5.1%
0.0%
4.0%
7.7%
1.7%
4.1%
0.0%
6.6%
8.0%
17.7%
0.0%0.0%
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
16%
18%
20%
2014 2019 2014 2019 2014 2019 2014 2019 2014 2019
Coralville Iowa City North Liberty Tiffin University Heights
Vacancy Rates
Homeowner vacancy rate Rental vacancy rate
26
Housing Costs and Cost Burden
The Census collects data on housing costs as a proportion of household income. Housing is considered
“affordable” if occupants pay no more than 30 percent of their gross annual income on rent or owner housing
costs. Occupants paying more than 30 percent of their gross annual income towards housing are
considered “cost-burdened”, while those paying more than 50 percent are considered “severely cost-
burdened”. The US Census Bureau defines gross rent as the combined cost of rent and selected utilities,
while gross homeowner costs refer to mortgage and insurance payments, and selected utilities.
Renters
Rents increased 11.3% in Johnson County between 2014 and 2019 after being adjusted for inflation. The
proportion of renters in the urbanized area who were considered either cost -burdened or severely cost-
burdened was 55.3% in 2014 and 54.0% in 2019. Iowa City was the only jurisdiction to lower its percentage
of severely cost-burdened renters, although it still has the highest proportion overall. University Heights ha d
the most significant proportion of increase in cost-burdened residents without a similar increase in those
severely cost-burdened.
Figure 19:
Source: U.S. Census Bureau 2015-2019 & 2010-2014 5-Year Estimates
Table 14 and 15 indicate that the proportion of cost-burdened renters is similar to that of the state while the
proportion of severely cost-burdened renters is far higher in the urbanized area than the state as a whole.
Table 14: Cost-burdened renters by region, county, and state
Year Urbanized Area Johnson County Iowa
Total % Total % Total %
2014 4,125 20.0% 4,467 20.2% 70,024 20.2%
2019 4,322 18.8% 4,517 18.4% 72,234 19.7%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau 2015-2019 & 2010-2014 5-Year Estimates 23.0%24.0%19.3%17.3%21.9%19.0%15.7%18.6%8.8%20.2%22.1%26.1%41.3%40.7%14.7%16.3%10.5%14.9%35.6%36.4%0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
2014 2019 2014 2019 2014 2019 2014 2019 2014 2019
Coralville Iowa City North Liberty Tiffin University
Heights
Proportion of Cost-Burdened Renters by
Jurisdiction
Cost Burdened Severely Cost Burdened
27
Table 15: Severely cost-burdened renters by region, county, and state
Year Urbanized Area Johnson County Iowa
Total % Total % Total %
2014 7,295 35.3% 7,483 33.8% 73,433 21.1%
2019 8,116 35.2% 8,343 34.0% 72,505 19.8%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau 2015-2019 & 2010-2014 ACS 5-Year Estimates
The American Community Survey last tracked data for gross rent as a percentage of household income by
race in the 2000 Census, which is no longer a relevant indicator of current racial disparities in affordable
housing. However, the United States Government Accountability Office has some information on
differences of rental affordability based on race between 2010 and 2017. Overall, W hite and Asian
individuals have the highest chance of being able to afford rental housing when compared to Black and
Hispanic individuals, as well as people of other races. Despite an overall general improvement of rental
affordability, there is still approximately a 10% difference between W hite and Black individuals who are not
cost burdened by rent.
Table 16: Rent burden by race, U.S.
Race Rent Burden 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
White
Not Rent Burdened 52% 52% 53% 54% 54% 55% 56% 56%
Moderately Rent
Burdened 24% 23% 23% 23% 23% 23% 23% 23%
Severely Rent
Burdened 24% 25% 24% 23% 23% 22% 22% 22%
Black
Not Rent Burdened 41% 40% 42% 42% 42% 43% 45% 45%
Moderately Rent
Burdened 26% 26% 25% 26% 26% 26% 26% 26%
Severely Rent
Burdened 33% 34% 33% 32% 32% 31% 29% 29%
Hispanic
Not Rent Burdened 43% 42% 43% 44% 44% 45% 46% 46%
Moderately Rent
Burdened 27% 28% 27% 28% 28% 28% 27% 27%
Severely Rent
Burdened 29% 30% 30% 29% 29% 28% 27% 27%
Asian
Not Rent Burdened 55% 55% 55% 56% 55% 56% 56% 56%
Moderately Rent
Burdened 21% 22% 21% 21% 21% 21% 21% 21%
Severely Rent
Burdened 24% 24% 24% 23% 24% 23% 23% 23%
Other
Not Rent Burdened 47% 46% 46% 48% 48% 50% 49% 50%
Moderately Rent
Burdened 24% 25% 24% 24% 24% 24% 24% 24%
Severely Rent
Burdened 29% 29% 29% 28% 28% 26% 26% 26%
Source: U.S. Government Accountability Office
28
Homeowners
Figure 20 shows that the median housing value for owner-occupied units in the urbanized area increased
substantially between 2014 and 2019. The greatest increases in housing value are found in Tiffin at 30%
and North Liberty at 27%. The highest median home value was reported in University Heights at $295,700.
Figure 20:
Source: U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2015-2019 & 2010-2014 5-Year Estimates
$189,300$185,500$173,500$179,000$252,900$126,300$227,700$215,100$220,800$233,000$295,700$147,800$
$50,000
$100,000
$150,000
$200,000
$250,000
$300,000
$350,000
Coralville Iowa City North Liberty Tiffin University
Heights
Iowa
Median Housing Value -Owner Occupied
2014 2019
29
Overall, the urbanized area has been making strides in homeownership cost burden. Every jurisdiction
except for Coralville had a decrease in their proportion of severely cost-burdened homeowners between
2014 and 2019. Even though Coralville decreased their proportion of cost-burdened owners, the increase
of severely cost-burdened owners indicates that some homeowners are increasingly being unable to afford
their homes. Every jurisdiction except for Tiffin also had a decrease in their proportion of cost -burdened
owners, with North Liberty’s proportion of cost-burdened owners decreasing the by greatest percentage
(almost 50%).
Figure 21:
Source: U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2015-2019 & 2010-2014 5-Year Estimates
Table 17: Cost-burdened homeowners by region, county, and state
Year Urbanized Area Johnson County Iowa
Total % Total % Total %
2014 3,172 13.7% 4,341 13.3% 105,093 11.9%
2019 2,742 11.0% 3,925 11.3% 92,922 10.3%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2015-2019 & 2010-2014 5-Year Estimates
Table 18: Severely cost-burdened homeowners by region, county, and state
Year Urbanized Area Johnson County Iowa
Total % Total % Total %
2014 1,323 5.7% 1,787 5.5% 54,583 6.2%
2019 1,252 5.0% 1,758 5.1% 51,819 5.8%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2015-2019 & 2010-2014 5-Year Estimates
The U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) had some information on rental affordability based on
race, but does not have any information on homeownership affordability based on race. Even the Census
has never recorded this specific data. With this data, a picture of the racial disparities present in housing
affordability could become clearer. 14.2%13.5%12.9%10.8%16.4%8.8%10.6%14.3%8.5%6.5%1.8%3.2%6.8%6.3%5.5%2.5%6.3%5.8%11.3%8.6%0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
16%
18%
2014 2019 2014 2019 2014 2019 2014 2019 2014 2019
Coralville Iowa City North Liberty Tiffin University
Heights
Proportion of Cost-Burdened Owners by Jurisdiction
Cost Burdened Severely Cost Burdened
30
Income versus Housing Cost
Coralville, Iowa City, and North Liberty have all had slower growth in income than in housing value while
Tiffin and University Heights have had higher rates of income change than housing value.
Figure 23:
Source: U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2015-2019 & 2010-2014 5-Year Estimates
-6.6%
7.9%7.3%
42.9%
20.9%20.3%
16.0%
27.3%
30.2%
16.9%
-10%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
Coralville Iowa City North Liberty Tiffin University Heights
Percent Change in Median Housing Value and Median Household
Income by Jurisdiction, 2014-2019
Median Income Change Median Housing Value Change
31
Cost Burden Illustrated
The National Low Income Housing Coalition’s (NLIHC) annual publication Out of Reach provides data on
housing affordability for metropolitan areas, counties, and states. The hourly wage necess ary to afford a 2-
bedroom rental unit at Fair Market Rent (FMR) ($1,011) in Johnson County is $19.44, or an annual salary
of $40,440. According to data from the Iowa Wage Report, the average salary for eight of the 21
employment sectors in Johnson County are not high enough to afford the fair market rent on a two-bedroom
unit in Johnson County. These eight employment sectors account for over half of the employees in Johnson
County.
To illustrate the magnitude of cost burden in the urbanized area, Figure 23 compares the median gross rent
in each community for 2019 versus 30 percent of mean full-time wages for the two industries with the largest
workforces. Combined, the Office and Administrative Support and Food Preparation and Serving industries
employ more than one in five workers in the urbanized area. The food services industry had the lowest
mean salary of any sector - $24,928 in 2019. The office and administration industry employs the largest
proportion of workers in the urbanized area at 12%, with a mean salary of $40,137. Figure 23 also illustrates
that employees in each industry would have a difficult time finding affordable rental housing in the area.
Figure 23:
Source: Iowa Wage Survey, 2020 & U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2015-2019 5-Year Estimates
Table 19: Change in median gross rental cost by jurisdiction (adjusted for inflation)
Median Gross Rent Coralville Iowa City North Liberty Tiffin University
Heights
2014 $797 $874 $1,019 $934 $1,300
2019 $896 $967 $1,110 $994 $1,500
Change (%) 12.4% 10.6% 9.0% 6.4% 15.4%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2015-2019 & 2010-2014 5-Year Estimates
$896 $967
$1,110
$994
$1,500
$623
$1,003
$-
$200
$400
$600
$800
$1,000
$1,200
$1,400
$1,600
Coralville Iowa City North Liberty Tiffin University
Heights
Median Gross Rent vs.
30% of Monthly Wages by Selected Industries
2019 Median Gross Rent
30% of full time monthly wages, Food Preparation and Serving Related
30% of full time monthly wages, Office and Administrative Support
32
To cover median Iowa City rental costs in 2019, a single-income, full-time employee in food services making
the average salary for that industry would expect to allocate almost half of their earnings towards rent. An
office worker with an average salary would expect to spend just under 30% of their income, falling just
below the cost-burden threshold. These proportions are relatively similar for all metro communities with the
exception of University Heights, which has a markedly higher median rent. Renters in University Heights
earning the average salary in office and administrative support positions and food preparation/serving would
be cost burdened and severely cost burdened respectively.
Figure 24:
Source: U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2015-2019 5-Year Estimates
Barriers to Homeownership
Homeownership would also likely be unaffordable for many workers in these sectors, especially when
considering the added costs of property taxes, utilities, and homeowners’ insurance. A single-income office
worker can afford to spend no more than $1,002 monthly (30% of average monthly wages) on
homeownership. Estimates from the American Housing Survey (2019) show that in urbanized areas across
the country the average monthly cost for insurance is: $91, utilities: $227, property tax: $349, which totals
to $667, leaving only $335 for a potential mortgage payment. With over half of the local workforce in
occupations that pay less than the local ‘housing wage’ for an average salary the opportunity for renters to
save enough money for a down payment and move towards homeownership seems out of reach for many
workers.
27%
29%
33%
30%
45%
43%
47%
53%
48%
72%
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%
Coralville
Iowa City
North Liberty
Tiffin
University Heights
Percent of Monthly Wage Needed to Pay Median Rent (2019)
for Selected Industries
Office and Administrative Support Food Prep. and Serving
33
Appendix A
Figure A-1 below illustrates the complete distribution of population by race for all communities in the urbanized area, with county and state comparisons. PercentTotalPercentTotalPercentTotalPercentTotalPercentTotalPercentTotalPercentTotalPercentTotalWhite79.6%15,67181.0%57,17890.0%13,05388.1%1,69396.6%1,17386.3%136,94784.8%116,05991.4%2,813,097Black or African American9.5%1,8625.8%4,0925.3%7731.1%210.7%84.5%7,2065.1%7,0213.1%95,716American Indian and Alaska Native0.2%460.3%2220.0%00.0%00.0%00.2%3230.2%3160.3%9,688Asian7.7%1,5128.0%5,6182.7%3890.8%161.2%145.0%7,9545.7%7,8551.9%59,726Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander0.0%00.3%2240.0%00.0%00.0%00.1%2350.2%2240.1%1,715Some other race1.6%3122.0%1,4050.2%315.7%1090.0%01.7%2,7611.7%2,3711.3%39,953Two or more races1.4%2742.6%1,8581.8%2574.3%821.6%192.1%3,2822.2%2,9561.9%58,221Hispanic or Latino (of any race)5.6%1,1045.2%3,6856.2%89512.9%2482.2%275.2%8,2235.2%7,0465.3%163,110PercentTotalPercentTotalPercentTotalPercentTotalPercentTotalPercentTotalPercentTotalPercentTotalWhite71.4%15,05778.5%58,85087.5%16,46989.8%3,00983.7%97083.5%142,45181.7%121,40890.0%2,826,070Black or African American13.4%2,8228.3%6,2035.7%1,0671.9%649.0%1046.4%10,9877.3%10,8153.7%116,359American Indian and Alaska Native0.1%290.2%1840.0%00.9%310.7%80.2%3460.2%2880.4%11,976Asian11.1%2,3327.3%5,5013.8%7232.6%863.7%435.5%9,4036.2%9,2712.4%75,741Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander0.0%60.1%830.1%130.0%00.0%00.1%1060.1%1020.1%3,729Some other race2.4%5162.8%2,0720.9%1741.2%410.2%22.1%3,6312.2%3,2391.2%39,048Two or more races1.6%3412.7%2,0572.0%3833.6%1202.8%322.2%3,7532.3%3,4542.1%66,585Hispanic or Latino (of any race)6.9%1,4495.8%4,3564.4%8318.3%2795.2%605.7%9,7085.6%8,3456.0%188,311Johnson CountyIowaUrbanized AreaJohnson CountyIowa2019CoralvilleIowa CityNorth LibertyTiffinU HeightsUrbanized Area2014CoralvilleIowa CityNorth LibertyTiffinU Heights
34
Appendix B
This appendix provides information about the renter and owner rates by race for 2014 and 2019. All data
for the following charts was gathered from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 2010 -
2014 and 2015-2019 5-Year Estimates.
Figure B-1 illustrates the rates of owning versus renting by race and by jurisdiction, county, and state in
2014.
Figure B-1
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%
White
Black or African American
American Indian and Alaska Native
Asian
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander
Some other race
Two or more races
Coralville Owner vs. Renter by Race, 2014
Renter-occupied housing units Owner-occupied housing units
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%
White
Black or African American
American Indian and Alaska Native
Asian
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander
Some other race
Two or more races
Iowa City Owner vs. Renter by Race, 2014
Renter-occupied housing units Owner-occupied housing units
35
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%
White
Black or African American
American Indian and Alaska Native
Asian
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander
Some other race
Two or more races
North Liberty Owner vs. Renter by Race, 2014
Renter-occupied housing units Owner-occupied housing units
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%
White
Black or African American
American Indian and Alaska Native
Asian
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander
Some other race
Two or more races
Tiffin Owner vs. Renter by Race, 2014
Renter-occupied housing units Owner-occupied housing units
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%
White
Black or African American
American Indian and Alaska Native
Asian
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander
Some other race
Two or more races
University Heights Owner vs. Renter by Race, 2014
Renter-occupied housing units Owner-occupied housing units
36
Figure B-2 illustrates the rates of owning versus renting by race and by jurisdiction, county, and state in
2019.
Figure B-2
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%
White
Black or African American
American Indian and Alaska Native
Asian
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander
Some other race
Two or more races
Johnson County Owner vs. Renter by Race, 2014
Renter-occupied housing units Owner-occupied housing units
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%
White
Black or African American
American Indian and Alaska Native
Asian
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander
Some other race
Two or more races
Iowa Owner vs. Renter by Race, 2014
Renter-occupied housing units Owner-occupied housing units
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%
White
Black or African American
American Indian and Alaska Native
Asian
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander
Some other race
Two or more races
Coralville Owner vs. Renter by Race, 2019
Percent Renter-Occupied Percent Owner-occupied
37
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%
White
Black or African American
American Indian and Alaska Native
Asian
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander
Some other race
Two or more races
Iowa City Owner vs. Renter by Race, 2019
Percent Renter-Occupied Percent Owner-occupied
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%
White
Black or African American
American Indian and Alaska Native
Asian
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander
Some other race
Two or more races
North Liberty Owner vs. Renter by Race, 2019
Percent Renter-Occupied Percent Owner-occupied
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%
White
Black or African American
American Indian and Alaska Native
Asian
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander
Some other race
Two or more races
Tiffin Owner vs. Renter by Race, 2019
Percent Renter-Occupied Percent Owner-occupied
38
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%
White
Black or African American
American Indian and Alaska Native
Asian
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander
Some other race
Two or more races
University Heights Owner vs. Renter by Race, 2019
Percent Renter-Occupied Percent Owner-occupied
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%
White
Black or African American
American Indian and Alaska Native
Asian
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander
Some other race
Two or more races
Johnson County Owner vs. Renter by Race, 2019
Percent Renter-Occupied Percent Owner-occupied
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%
White
Black or African American
American Indian and Alaska Native
Asian
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander
Some other race
Two or more races
Iowa Owner vs. Renter by Race, 2019
Iowa Percent Renter-Occupied Iowa Percent Owner-occupied