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IOWA CITY AREA TRANSIT STUDY
April 2020
IOWA CITY AREA TRANSIT STUDY | FINAL REPORT
Nelson\Nygaard Consulting Associates, Inc. | i
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Cover photo source: Nelson\Nygaard
IOWA CITY AREA TRANSIT STUDY | FINAL REPORT
Nelson\Nygaard Consulting Associates, Inc. | ii
Table of Contents
Page
1 Executive Summary .........................................................................................................1-1
2 Introduction ......................................................................................................................2-1
Project Goals .......................................................................................................................................... 2-1
Report Organization ............................................................................................................................. 2-2
3 Plan Review ....................................................................................................................3-1
Key Findings ............................................................................................................................................ 3-1
Plan Review ............................................................................................................................................. 3-2
4 Market Analysis ...............................................................................................................4-1
Key Findings ............................................................................................................................................ 4-2
Analysis Indicators ................................................................................................................................. 4-2
5 Transit in Iowa City .........................................................................................................5-1
Key Findings ............................................................................................................................................ 5-1
6 Route Profiles ..................................................................................................................6-1
CAMBUS .................................................................................................................................................. 6-7
East Campus Shuttle .............................................................................................................................. 6-9
Hawk Lot/Hospital............................................................................................................................... 6-10
Hawkeye Express ................................................................................................................................ 6-11
Hawkeye Interdorm ............................................................................................................................. 6-12
Hawkeye-Hospital ............................................................................................................................... 6-13
Hospital Finkbine/Arena .................................................................................................................... 6-14
Hospital via Hancher ........................................................................................................................... 6-15
Interdorm ............................................................................................................................................... 6-16
Mayflower Shuttle ............................................................................................................................... 6-17
North Hospital Shuttle ......................................................................................................................... 6-18
Pentacrest .............................................................................................................................................. 6-19
Blue Route .............................................................................................................................................. 6-20
Red Route .............................................................................................................................................. 6-21
Research Park ....................................................................................................................................... 6-22
Coralville Transit .................................................................................................................................. 6-23
10th Street ............................................................................................................................................. 6-24
1st Ave .................................................................................................................................................... 6-25
AM Express ........................................................................................................................................... 6-26
Express ................................................................................................................................................... 6-27
Lantern Park .......................................................................................................................................... 6-28
Night and Saturday ............................................................................................................................ 6-29
North Liberty ......................................................................................................................................... 6-31
Iowa City Transit .................................................................................................................................. 6-32
7th Avenue ............................................................................................................................................. 6-33
Broadway .............................................................................................................................................. 6-34
Court Hill ................................................................................................................................................ 6-36
Cross Park ............................................................................................................................................. 6-37
Eastside Express ................................................................................................................................... 6-38
Eastside Loop ........................................................................................................................................ 6-39
Lakeside ................................................................................................................................................. 6-40
Mall ......................................................................................................................................................... 6-41
Manville Heights ................................................................................................................................... 6-42
Melrose Express ................................................................................................................................... 6-43
IOWA CITY AREA TRANSIT STUDY | FINAL REPORT
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North Dodge ......................................................................................................................................... 6-44
Free Shuttle ........................................................................................................................................... 6-45
Oakcrest ................................................................................................................................................ 6-47
Plaen View ............................................................................................................................................ 6-48
Rochester ............................................................................................................................................... 6-49
Towncrest ............................................................................................................................................... 6-50
Westport Plaza .................................................................................................................................... 6-51
Westside Hospital ............................................................................................................................... 6-52
Westwinds ............................................................................................................................................. 6-53
7 Scenario Development .....................................................................................................7-1
Introduction .............................................................................................................................................. 7-1
Three Scenarios with Different Priorities ........................................................................................... 7-1
8 Outreach Summary ..........................................................................................................8-1
September 2019 Onboard Survey ................................................................................................... 8-2
Fall/Winter 2019 Design Your Own System Survey ................................................................... 8-33
November 2019 Outreach ................................................................................................................ 8-43
January 2020 Outreach – Feedback on SCenarios ..................................................................... 8-53
Winter/Spring 2020 Online Survey ................................................................................................ 8-57
9 Preferred Alternative ........................................................................................................9-1
Overview ................................................................................................................................................. 9-1
CAMBUS .................................................................................................................................................. 9-2
Coralville Transit .................................................................................................................................... 9-9
Iowa City Transit .................................................................................................................................. 9-14
10 Transit Infrastructure and Zero-Emissions Transition Considerations ........................... 10-1
Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 10-1
Bus Stops ................................................................................................................................................ 10-2
Speed & Reliability ............................................................................................................................. 10-9
Zero-Emissions Vehicles .................................................................................................................... 10-14
11 Vision for Transit .......................................................................................................... 11-1
Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 11-1
The Vision for Transit ........................................................................................................................... 11-1
Elements of the Vision for Transit ...................................................................................................... 11-3
Table of Figures
Page
Figure 1-1 CAMBUS Preferred Alternative System Map ................................................................. 1-3
Figure 1-2 Coralville Transit Preferred Alternative System Map ................................................... 1-4
Figure 1-3 Iowa City Transit Preferred Alternative System Map ................................................... 1-5
Figure 4-1 Market Analysis Indicators .................................................................................................. 4-1
Figure 4-2 Population Density ................................................................................................................ 4-2
Figure 4-3 Density of Occupied Rental Units ...................................................................................... 4-3
Figure 4-4 Density of Workers without Access to a Vehicle ............................................................ 4-4
Figure 4-5 Density of Seniors ................................................................................................................. 4-5
Figure 4-6 College-Aged Youth Density .............................................................................................. 4-6
Figure 4-7 Low-Income People Density ................................................................................................ 4-7
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Figure 4-8 Density of People of Color ................................................................................................. 4-8
Figure 4-9 Job Density ............................................................................................................................. 4-9
Figure 4-10 Low-Income Job Density .................................................................................................... 4-10
Figure 4-11 Transit Propensity Index .................................................................................................... 4-11
Figure 5-1 Annual Unlinked Passenger Trips by Agency, 2012-2017 .......................................... 5-2
Figure 5-2 Annual Revenue Hours by Agency, 2012-2017 ............................................................ 5-3
Figure 5-3 Passenger Trips per Revenue Hour by Agency, 2012-2017 ...................................... 5-4
Figure 5-4 Annual Revenue Miles by Agency, 2012-2017 ............................................................. 5-5
Figure 5-5 Passenger Trips per Revenue Mile, 2012-2017 ............................................................ 5-6
Figure 5-6 Annual Operating Expense by Agency, 2012-2017 .................................................... 5-7
Figure 5-7 Operating Expense per Passenger Trip by Agency, 2012-2017 ............................. 5-8
Figure 5-8 Operating Expense per Revenue Hour by Agency, 2012-2017 ............................... 5-9
Figure 5-9 Annual Farebox Revenue by Agency, 2012-2017 ..................................................... 5-10
Figure 5-10 Average Fare by Agency, 2012-2017 ......................................................................... 5-11
Figure 5-11 Farebox Recovery Ratio by Agency, 2012-2017 ...................................................... 5-12
Figure 6-1 Iowa City Area Public Transit System Map ..................................................................... 6-2
Figure 6-2 Average Weekday Boardings by Route, Fall 2019 ..................................................... 6-3
Figure 6-3 Average Weekday Boardings per Service Hour, Fall 2019 ...................................... 6-4
Figure 6-4 Iowa City Area Average Weekday Boardings, Fall 2019 ......................................... 6-5
Figure 6-5 University of Iowa/Downtown Average Weekday Boardings, Fall 2019 ............... 6-6
Figure 6-6 CAMBUS Average Weekday Boardings ......................................................................... 6-7
Figure 6-7 CAMBUS Average Weekday Boardings, Downtown/University of Iowa Area ...... 6-8
Figure 6-8 Coralville Transit Average Weekday Boardings ......................................................... 6-23
Figure 6-9 Iowa City Transit Average Weekday Boardings......................................................... 6-32
Figure 7-1 Scenario 1 System Map and Highlights ........................................................................... 7-1
Figure 7-2 Scenario 2 System Map and Highlights ........................................................................... 7-2
Figure 7-3 Scenario 3 System Map and Highlights ........................................................................... 7-3
Figure 8-1 CAMBUS Transit Route Respondent was Riding (n=1,418) ......................................... 8-3
Figure 8-2 Percent of Respondents Transferring to or From Another Route (n=1,425) ............. 8-4
Figure 8-3 Reported Transfer Activity (to or from) by Route (n=1,425) ...................................... 8-5
Figure 8-4 Respondent Trip Type (n=1,314) ...................................................................................... 8-6
Figure 8-5 Respondent Alternative Mode of Transportation (n=1,403) ....................................... 8-6
Figure 8-6 Respondent Time Riding CAMBUS (n=1,386) ................................................................. 8-7
Figure 8-7 Respondent Source for Schedule/Real-Time Information (n =1,328) ........................ 8-7
Figure 8-8 Respondent Transit Used in Past Month (n=1,334) ........................................................ 8-8
Figure 8-9 Respondent University Affiliation (n=1,399) ................................................................... 8-8
Figure 8-10 Respondent Race/Ethnicity (n=999) ................................................................................. 8-9
Figure 8-11 Respondent Annual Household Income (n=1,278) ......................................................... 8-9
Figure 8-12 Respondent Age (n=1,384) .............................................................................................. 8-10
Figure 8-13 Respondent Household Size (n=1,376) .......................................................................... 8-10
Figure 8-14 Vehicles in Respondent Household (n=1,370)............................................................... 8-11
Figure 8-15 Respondent Improvements Desired (n=1,366) ............................................................. 8-11
Figure 8-16 Coralville Transit Route Respondent was Riding (n=379) .......................................... 8-13
Figure 8-17 Percent of Respondents Transferring to or From Another Route (n=394) ............... 8-14
Figure 8-18 Top Transfers made by Respondents (n=394) ............................................................. 8-15
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Figure 8-19 Respondent Trip Type (n=1,288) .................................................................................... 8-16
Figure 8-20 Respondent Fare Type for Current Trip (n=394) ......................................................... 8-16
Figure 8-21 Respondent Alternative Mode of Transportation (n=392)......................................... 8-17
Figure 8-22 Respondent Time Riding Coralville Transit (n=390) .................................................... 8-17
Figure 8-23 Respondent Source for Schedule/Real-Time Information (n=384) ........................... 8-18
Figure 8-24 Respondent Transit Used in Past Month (n=381) ......................................................... 8-18
Figure 8-25 Respondent University Affiliation (n=385) .................................................................... 8-19
Figure 8-26 Respondent Race/Ethnicity (n=384) ............................................................................... 8-19
Figure 8-27 Respondent Annual Household Income (n=360) ........................................................... 8-20
Figure 8-28 Respondent Age (n=382) ................................................................................................. 8-20
Figure 8-29 Respondent Household Size (n=384) ............................................................................. 8-21
Figure 8-30 Vehicles in Respondent Household (n=384) .................................................................. 8-21
Figure 8-31 Respondent Top Improvements Desired (n=388) ......................................................... 8-22
Figure 8-32 Iowa City Transit Route Respondent was Riding (n=913) .......................................... 8-23
Figure 8-33 Percent of Respondents Transferring to or From Another Route (n=952) ............... 8-24
Figure 8-34 Reported Transfer Activity (to or from) by Route (n=952) ........................................ 8-25
Figure 8-35 Respondent Trip Type (n=859) ....................................................................................... 8-26
Figure 8-36 Respondent Fare Type Used for Current Trip (n=954) .............................................. 8-26
Figure 8-37 Respondent Alternative Mode of Transportation (n=948)......................................... 8-27
Figure 8-38 Respondent Time Riding Iowa City Transit (n=936) .................................................... 8-27
Figure 8-39 Respondent Source for Schedule/Real-Time Information (n=915) ........................... 8-28
Figure 8-40 Respondent Transit Used in Past Month (n=926) ......................................................... 8-28
Figure 8-41 Respondent University Affiliation (n=948) .................................................................... 8-29
Figure 8-42 Respondent Race/Ethnicity (n=979) ............................................................................... 8-29
Figure 8-43 Respondent Annual Household Income (n=867) ........................................................... 8-30
Figure 8-44 Respondent Age (n=933) ................................................................................................. 8-30
Figure 8-45 Respondent Household Size (n=935) ............................................................................. 8-31
Figure 8-46 Vehicles in Respondent Household (n=933) .................................................................. 8-31
Figure 8-47 Respondent Top Improvements Desired (n=934) ......................................................... 8-32
Figure 8-48 DYOS Transit Improvement Options and Categories .................................................. 8-33
Figure 8-49 Most-Frequently Used Transit System (n=1,245) ......................................................... 8-34
Figure 8-50 Frequency of Transit Use (n=1,206) ............................................................................... 8-35
Figure 8-51 University Affiliation (n=1,235) ....................................................................................... 8-35
Figure 8-52 Residence Location (n=1,238) .......................................................................................... 8-36
Figure 8-53 Race/Ethnicity (n=1,260) .................................................................................................. 8-36
Figure 8-54 Household Size (n=1,226) ................................................................................................ 8-37
Figure 8-55 Household Income (n=1,184) ........................................................................................... 8-37
Figure 8-56 Desired Improvements (n=1,325) .................................................................................... 8-38
Figure 8-57 Desired Improvements by System used by Respondent.............................................. 8-39
Figure 8-58 Desired Improvements by Respondent Frequency of Transit Use ............................. 8-40
Figure 8-59 Desired Improvements by Respondent University Affiliation ..................................... 8-41
Figure 8-60 Desired Improvements by Respondent Residence ........................................................ 8-42
Figure 8-61 November 14, 2019 Coralville Open House ............................................................... 8-44
Figure 8-62 November 13, 2019 Iowa City Open House ............................................................... 8-45
Figure 8-63 November 12, 2019 University of Iowa Open House ................................................ 8-46
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Figure 8-64 Stakeholder Meeting List and Schedule ......................................................................... 8-48
Figure 8-65 January 30, 2020 Coralville Open House .................................................................... 8-53
Figure 8-66 January 28, 2020 Iowa City Open House .................................................................... 8-54
Figure 8-67 January 29, 2020 University of Iowa Open House .................................................... 8-55
Figure 8-68 Respondent Opinion on Service Scenario ...................................................................... 8-57
Figure 9-1 CAMBUS Preferred Alternative System Map ................................................................. 9-2
Figure 9-2 CAMBUS Preferred Alternative Service Summary ........................................................ 9-3
Figure 9-3 Coralville Transit Preferred Alternative System Map ................................................... 9-9
Figure 9-4 Coralville Transit Preferred Alternative Service Summary ........................................ 9-10
Figure 9-5 Iowa City Transit Preferred Alternative System Map ................................................. 9-14
Figure 9-6 Iowa City Transit Preferred Alternative Service Summary ........................................ 9-15
Figure 10-1 CAMBUS and Iowa City Transit Bus Stop Sign Designs .............................................. 10-2
Figure 10-2 Best Practice Single-Route Bus Stop Sign in Chicago .................................................. 10-3
Figure 10-3 Riders Wait for Buses without Shelter at the Pentacrest ............................................ 10-4
Figure 10-4 Bus Shelters in Historic Environments (left to right: Memphis, TN and Seattle, WA) 10-
5
Figure 10-5 Real-Time Bus Arrival Information at University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign .... 10-6
Figure 10-6 Stops Spaced Approximately 500 Feet Apart on W Benton Street ....................... 10-7
Figure 10-7 Bus Stop without Adequate Pedestrian Infrastructure on Oakcrest Street .............. 10-8
Figure 10-8 Buses in Mixed Traffic Climbing the Jefferson Street Hill at the Pentacrest ........... 10-9
Figure 10-9 Lagging Protected Right Turn Phase in Seattle, WA ................................................ 10-11
Figure 10-10 Pentacrest Downtown Interchange Potential Signal Improvement Locations ....... 10-12
Figure 10-11 Hawkins Road at Highway 6 Potential Queue Jump ............................................... 10-13
Figure 10-12 Primary Differences in Maintenance between Diesel Buses and BEBs by System
Category ........................................................................................................................... 10-16
Figure 10-13 Charging Infrastructure Summary Table ..................................................................... 10-18
Figure 10-14 BEB Charging Methods ................................................................................................... 10-18
Figure 10-15 Charging Infrastructure Element Approximate Cost Range .................................... 10-20
Figure 10-16 Charging Infrastructure Cost Variables ....................................................................... 10-20
Figure 10-17 Select FCEB Fleet Fueling Station Characteristics ...................................................... 10-22
Figure 10-18 Minimum Separation Distances Guidelines for Hydrogen Stations (NFPA 2) ...... 10-23
Figure 11-1 Vision for Transit Summary Table .................................................................................... 11-2
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Appendix A – Ridership Maps
Appendix B – Route Profiles
Appendix C – Survey Instruments
Appendix D – Fare Study